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Ways to make $ in Decentraland and on Decentraland
I've been analyzing the white paper and the case uses for Decentraland LAND and compiled them into a list.
Please suggest your own ideas too, and don't be stingy.
There are three (3) CORE mechanisms that create value for Decentraland:
1) MANA; as MANA increases, so does your investment
2) LAND speculation; supply is set, so as demand increases, price should increase
3) LAND lease agreements; lease or rent your land and earn a monthly income; digital landlord
Also, according to the Decentraland Whitepaper, LAND is bought by burning MANA, a fungible ERC-20 token of fixed supply. The more that LAND trades hands, the more the MANA tokens are burned.
*When you buy bitcoin, it just goes up or down and that's it. You make money when it goes up, you lose when it goes down. Decentraland dynamics appear to be more complex. I am not saying Decentraland is better than Bitcoin lol
LAND Use Cases (for your LAND too!) from the Decentraland Whitepaper:
Applications: games, gambling, dynamic 3D scenes
Advertising: obviously
Digital Collectibles: this has been exploding lately
Social: gaming communities
Other: training, professional development, education, therapy, 3D design, and virtual tourism.
What I wonder, is if Decentraland is an ERC-20 token running on ethereum, then will the other ERC-20 tokens be COMPATIBLE on LAND in Decentraland?
For example, I start a liquor store on my LAND, but only want to allow people 21 years old or more into my shop. There is an ERC-20 token called Civic that I think might help with this verification.
Another example, after a person gambles for the day, they stop by my LAND to deposit their gambling money into an account built to use COMPOUND and DeFi to lend your assets out to earn interest until you return to gamble more. So you leave with 10, and deposit the 10, leave Decentraland, and come back 2 days later, and now have 10.07 or something more. This just makes sense.
But how are we going to integrate all or any of the other erc-20 token useful mechanisms into our LAND? And what kind of new toolbox will this provide us? And what will we be able to do with our LAND?
Now I gave up my ideas, you give up yours!! Cheers everyone, and I hope this helps people understand a little better! Happy new year!
submitted by Good-Fail6210 to decentraland [link] [comments]
Grayscale altcoin portfolio.
Market Cap Ranking for Grayscale Investment
1
$FIL Filecoin is being developed by Protocol Labs, a development firm
founded in 2014 by Juan Benet. Benet and crew constructed Filecoin and IPFS in tandem, raising a few Seed equity rounds to fund the process. In 2017, the team hosted a token sale to secure funds for Filecoin's development, which raised around
$205 million in one of the largest token offerings at the time 2
$ZEC ZCash was created in October 2016 by a developer called
Zooko Wilcox. Wilcox really liked what Bitcoin could do, but he didn’t like the fact that transactions were available for everyone to see. Instead, he wanted to create a blockchain that would allow people to
send and receive funds anonymously 3
$ETC The DAO hack gives rise to Ethereum Classic The DAO hack and resulting
hard fork split the Ethereum network into two separate chains:
Ethereum and Ethereum Classic (ETC). The DAO was an Ethereum-based venture fund that managed to raise ~$150 million in Ether in an April 2016
initial coin offering (ICO). A few months later (July 2016), an attacker
exploited a bug in one of The DAO's smart contracts, enabling the hacker to steal 3.6 million ETH of the funds collected in its ICO.
4
$RSR Reserve is a stablecoin introduced in January 2019 to iterate on the stablecoin projects that preceded it. The team decided that to build a lasting stablecoin, several design choices were necessary: an asset-peg that, short term, is set to a fiat currency, but
long-term, is set to a basket of assets; fully collateralized backing; decentralized issuance mechanism 5
$ZEN Enabling businesses and developers to build their own private or public blockchains and dapps with affordability, flexibility and efficiency unmatched by any other projects
6 $API3
API3, a project building a transparent methodology for marrying blockchains to the APIs of data providers, which really means providing an alternative to
Chainlink, the decentralized oracle service with something of a monopoly in the world of data feeds and smart-contract blockchains.
Announced Thursday,
API3, which promises a decentralized API (dAPI) network, has
raised $3 million in a private funding round led by Placeholder and with participation from Pantera, CoinFund and Digital Currency Group (which is also the owner of CoinDesk).
Latest investment
https://twitter.com/barrysilbert/status/1304137631228452866 7
$DG The first community-owned Metaverse Casino Since the genesis of
decentral.games, we’ve aimed to deliver the
first metaverse casino experience with non-custodial, provably fair games. Following a year and a half of development, we’ve deployed gasless and signatureless non-custodial slots, roulette, backgammon, and blackjack games playable with
MANA and
DAI within
Decentraland. Play poker with your friends with voice chat and future VR. Play Blackjack. Play Roulette. All governed by the DG token and fully on-chain.
Over 6 mil USD made in 1 month. Market Cap Ranking for Grayscale Investment From High to Low Mcap
 | 1 $FIL Filecoin is being developed by Protocol Labs, a development firm founded in 2014 by Juan Benet. Benet and crew constructed Filecoin and IPFS in tandem, raising a few Seed equity rounds to fund the process. In 2017, the team hosted a token sale to secure funds for Filecoin's development, which raised around $205 million in one of the largest token offerings at the time 2 $ZEC ZCash was created in October 2016 by a developer called Zooko Wilcox. Wilcox really liked what Bitcoin could do, but he didn’t like the fact that transactions were available for everyone to see. Instead, he wanted to create a blockchain that would allow people to send and receive funds anonymously 3 $ETC The DAO hack gives rise to Ethereum Classic The DAO hack and resulting hard fork split the Ethereum network into two separate chains: Ethereum and Ethereum Classic (ETC). The DAO was an Ethereum-based venture fund that managed to raise ~$150 million in Ether in an April 2016 initial coin offering (ICO). A few months later (July 2016), an attacker exploited a bug in one of The DAO's smart contracts, enabling the hacker to steal 3.6 million ETH of the funds collected in its ICO. 4 $RSR Reserve is a stablecoin introduced in January 2019 to iterate on the stablecoin projects that preceded it. The team decided that to build a lasting stablecoin, several design choices were necessary: an asset-peg that, short term, is set to a fiat currency, but long-term, is set to a basket of assets; fully collateralized backing; decentralized issuance mechanism 5 $ZEN Enabling businesses and developers to build their own private or public blockchains and dapps with affordability, flexibility and efficiency unmatched by any other projects 6 $API3 API3, a project building a transparent methodology for marrying blockchains to the APIs of data providers, which really means providing an alternative to Chainlink, the decentralized oracle service with something of a monopoly in the world of data feeds and smart-contract blockchains. Announced Thursday, API3, which promises a decentralized API (dAPI) network, has raised $3 million in a private funding round led by Placeholder and with participation from Pantera, CoinFund and Digital Currency Group (which is also the owner of CoinDesk). Latest investment https://twitter.com/barrysilbert/status/1304137631228452866 7 $DG The first community-owned Metaverse Casino Since the genesis of decentral.games, we’ve aimed to deliver the first metaverse casino experience with non-custodial, provably fair games. Following a year and a half of development, we’ve deployed gasless and signatureless non-custodial slots, roulette, backgammon, and blackjack games playable with MANA and DAI within Decentraland. Play poker with your friends with voice chat and future VR. Play Blackjack. Play Roulette. All governed by the DG token and fully on-chain. Over 6 mil USD made in 1 month. https://preview.redd.it/9wezenlujdd61.jpg?width=2500&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=90c9e12a8b3000105a4fb2adec255be1bc92a9c8 |
Grayscale/DCG altcoin portfolio
 | Market Cap Ranking for Grayscale Investment 1 $FIL Filecoin is being developed by Protocol Labs, a development firm founded in 2014 by Juan Benet. Benet and crew constructed Filecoin and IPFS in tandem, raising a few Seed equity rounds to fund the process. In 2017, the team hosted a token sale to secure funds for Filecoin's development, which raised around $205 million in one of the largest token offerings at the time 2 $ZEC ZCash was created in October 2016 by a developer called Zooko Wilcox. Wilcox really liked what Bitcoin could do, but he didn’t like the fact that transactions were available for everyone to see. Instead, he wanted to create a blockchain that would allow people to send and receive funds anonymously 3 $ETC The DAO hack gives rise to Ethereum Classic The DAO hack and resulting hard fork split the Ethereum network into two separate chains: Ethereum and Ethereum Classic (ETC). The DAO was an Ethereum-based venture fund that managed to raise ~$150 million in Ether in an April 2016 initial coin offering (ICO). A few months later (July 2016), an attacker exploited a bug in one of The DAO's smart contracts, enabling the hacker to steal 3.6 million ETH of the funds collected in its ICO. 4 $RSR Reserve is a stablecoin introduced in January 2019 to iterate on the stablecoin projects that preceded it. The team decided that to build a lasting stablecoin, several design choices were necessary: an asset-peg that, short term, is set to a fiat currency, but long-term, is set to a basket of assets; fully collateralized backing; decentralized issuance mechanism 5 $ZEN Enabling businesses and developers to build their own private or public blockchains and dapps with affordability, flexibility and efficiency unmatched by any other projects 6 $API3 API3, a project building a transparent methodology for marrying blockchains to the APIs of data providers, which really means providing an alternative to Chainlink, the decentralized oracle service with something of a monopoly in the world of data feeds and smart-contract blockchains. Announced Thursday, API3, which promises a decentralized API (dAPI) network, has raised $3 million in a private funding round led by Placeholder and with participation from Pantera, CoinFund and Digital Currency Group (which is also the owner of CoinDesk). Latest investment https://twitter.com/barrysilbert/status/1304137631228452866 7 $DG The first community-owned Metaverse Casino Since the genesis of decentral.games, we’ve aimed to deliver the first metaverse casino experience with non-custodial, provably fair games. Following a year and a half of development, we’ve deployed gasless and signatureless non-custodial slots, roulette, backgammon, and blackjack games playable with MANA and DAI within Decentraland. Play poker with your friends with voice chat and future VR. Play Blackjack. Play Roulette. All governed by the DG token and fully on-chain. Over 6 mil USD made in 1 month. https://preview.redd.it/8glyibxgzpb61.jpg?width=2500&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=8aa39ef07deb76e615001526fc2483995ec3fc36 |
Grayscale altcoin portfolio
1 $FIL
Filecoin is being developed by Protocol Labs, a development firm founded in 2014 by Juan Benet. Benet and crew constructed Filecoin and IPFS in tandem, raising a few Seed equity rounds to fund the process. In 2017, the team hosted a token sale to secure funds for Filecoin's development, which raised around $205 million in one of the largest token offerings at the time
2 $ZEC ZCash was created in October 2016 by a developer called Zooko Wilcox. Wilcox really liked what Bitcoin could do, but he didn’t like the fact that transactions were available for everyone to see. Instead, he wanted to create a blockchain that would allow people to send and receive funds anonymously
3 $ETC The DAO hack gives rise to Ethereum Classic The DAO hack and resulting hard fork split the Ethereum network into two separate chains: Ethereum and Ethereum Classic (ETC). The DAO was an Ethereum-based venture fund that managed to raise ~$150 million in Ether in an April 2016 initial coin offering (ICO). A few months later (July 2016), an attacker exploited a bug in one of The DAO's smart contracts, enabling the hacker to steal 3.6 million ETH of the funds collected in its ICO.
4 $RSR Reserve is a stablecoin introduced in January 2019 to iterate on the stablecoin projects that preceded it. The team decided that to build a lasting stablecoin, several design choices were necessary: an asset-peg that, short term, is set to a fiat currency, but long-term, is set to a basket of assets; fully collateralized backing; decentralized issuance mechanism
5 $ZEN Enabling businesses and developers to build their own private or public blockchains and dapps with affordability, flexibility and efficiency unmatched by any other projects
6 $API3
API3, a project building a transparent methodology for marrying blockchains to the APIs of data providers, which really means providing an alternative to Chainlink, the decentralized oracle service with something of a monopoly in the world of data feeds and smart-contract blockchains.
Announced Thursday, API3, which promises a decentralized API (dAPI) network, has raised $3 million in a private funding round led by Placeholder and with participation from Pantera, CoinFund and Digital Currency Group (which is also the owner of CoinDesk).
Latest investment
https://twitter.com/barrysilbert/status/1304137631228452866 7 $DG The first community-owned Metaverse Casino
Since the genesis of
decentral.games, we’ve aimed to deliver the first metaverse casino experience with non-custodial, provably fair games. Following a year and a half of development, we’ve deployed gasless and signatureless non-custodial slots, roulette, backgammon, and blackjack games playable with MANA and DAI within Decentraland. Play poker with your friends with voice chat and future VR. Play Blackjack. Play Roulette. All governed by the DG token and fully on-chain. Over 6 mil USD made in 1 month.
DappCom Weekly
 | What's new and what's hot? Discover everything related to blockchain on Dapp.com! From 25th Jan to 31st Jan 2021, 39 new products were listed: • New DeFi projects: 15 new DeFi Kebab Finance, Serious Risk, BiFi, Psychic, Tokex, KeeperDAO, Sablier Finance, Team Finance, FreeLiquid, PandaYield, Alpha Homara, Autofarm, Unifi Protocol, Fuse Staking, Fuse Rewards are added. • New exchanges: 2 new cryptocurrency exchanges Sakeswap, BloctoSwap are listed. • New gambling dapps & blockchain games: 5 new blockchain casinos Lattery Fun, Aureum, EOSgame.io, 7bitcasino, Lucky Blocks, and 3 new crypto games Cometh, IOI- Trade Race Manager, CrossLink to have fun with. Wallets, Marketplaces, blockchain utilities... Click to check all the new products. ⚠️4 Products were delisted last week. To avoid scam or loss, search a product's name on dapp.com, check if it gets delisted before you use it. https://preview.redd.it/i70dlyxbcye61.png?width=750&format=png&auto=webp&s=a23c69d209b09e4e46e1f4955166b5e3f61f4faf Dapp.com Community Exclusive Benefit with KuCoin, Get FREE XRP Lucky Red Pocket! ONLY 1,000 quota limited, 24h LEFT; Random lucky amount of $XRP in the pocket you will get! First come, first get! 1. Mirror Protocol $MIR token price increased by 76.7% in 7 days, which showed a high correlation with its on-chain data: the 7d active users experienced a 132.31% growth, 7d transactions increased by 144.42%. How's Mirror Protocol's on-chain performance now? 2. FTX lists GameStop after Reddit-fueled 200% rally in two days. FTX also created a Wall Street Bets index including GME, DOGE and others. Get a $30 trading fee voucher in FTX! 3. Grayscale registers Aave and Uni trust. $AAVE went up 254% in the past 30d. Aave Protocol 7d volume increased by 86.41%, 7d users increased by 21.60%. Check its real-time data as your trading signal here. 4. $FUSE token price rose 118% in 30d. Join dapp.com node, stake $FUSE to earn 100% APY. |
Up and coming platform: What two are the best? A discussion.
For this discussion I have zero'd in on some platforms that have already took some great gains this year but all are slightly unique (and the same?) and I need to narrow this down to 2 coins I can focus on.
Please chime in on your favorite project. Shill all the best points, what they got coming, tokenomics, price talk, News articles etc.
The catch is you have to say at least one negative thing about your favs. Could be something they are missing but might bring, competitors, something you wish they had, quality of audit, size of team/big names, etc. Cheap pre-sales, airdrops.
I'd love to hear all your opinions, good or bad, just trying to get a good conversation about the merits between all of these and ultimately if you had to pick 2, why?
--------------------------
ZEN (24.381) horizon.io -Blockchain games
-'Sequence' to seamlessly add a blockchain to a product
-Skyweaver free to play card game
-Open Dev team
MATIC (0.0336) matic.network -Seems to be geared towards the gaming and gambling areas
-Has the first SEC registered in-game coin called "Quarters" as well as a host of games and soon casinos. Wants to make Quarters a standard in games.
-Other coins geared towards gaming/streaming/gambling sectors have shown promise. Such as, THETA.
-tradestars.net managing NFT's for them
-Decentral Games - lots and lots of casinos
NEM (XEM) (0.229) NEM.IO -Launch of their platform Symbol in Feb 2021 with a 1:1 snapshot for new gas token called XYM
-A blockchain "enterprise" solution
-ease of use seems to be in the marketing
Polkastarter (POLS) (1.13) Polkastarter.com - Like Kickstarter for the DOT platform
-private and public pools (private for those holding 1000 pols)
-they did the recent
$YOP liquidity raising and MahaDAO, SpiderDAO, etc.
-Has expanded quickly and rose from .50 at start to 1.20 in a few months
-Allows people to get in a pre-sale that then releases the coin on Uniswap hours later at double the price. Good profit for those involved it seems.
-Needs ETH plus POLS to stake.
Elrond (EGLD) (36.84) elrond.com - New Wallet with global payments and encrypted chat releasing on Jan 31st
- Has shown incredible performance recently.
-Apparently it has the highest TPS (transactions per second)
- focus on security
REEF (0.01669) reef.finance -Binance supported and funded project
-Can stake DOT to earn REEF on Binance
-Binance replaced the ETH/BUSD pair promotion to DOT/BUSD
-Binance 10m grant to DOT projects
- calls it self the first interoperable operating system but doesn't seem to have finished products yet.
-It just went 100% the last 2 days after being under the radar
coinlibanalyisis 2
submitted by Quippykisset to peaceCorpsCoding [link] [comments]
coinlib performance 2
submitted by Quippykisset to peaceCorpsCoding [link] [comments]
DAO.Casino is launching Sandbox for game developers
The biggest cryptocurrency thefts in the last 10 years
In this article, we will try to remember all the major theft of cryptocurrencies over the past 10 years.
1. Bitstamp $5.3 mln (BTC), January 4th, 2015
On January 4, 2015, the operational hot wallet of Bitstamp announced that it was hacked by an anonymous hacker and 19,000 Bitcoins (worth of $5 million) were lost.
The initiation of the attack fell on November 4, 2014. Then Damian Merlak, the CTO of the exchange, was offered free tickets to punk rock festival Punk Rock Holiday 2015 via Skype, knowing that Merlak is interested in such music and he plays in the band. To receive the tickets, he was asked to fill out a participant questionnaire by sending a file named “Punk Rock Holiday 2015 TICKET Form1.doc”. This file contained the VBA script. By opening the file, he downloaded the malware on his computer. Although Merlak did not suspect wrong and has opened the "application form", to any critical consequences, this did not open access to the funds of exchange.
The attackers, however, did not give up. The attack continued for five weeks, during which hackers presented themselves as journalists, then headhunters.
Finally, the attackers were lucky. On December 11, 2014, the infected word document was opened on his machine by Bitstamp system administrator Luka Kodric, who had access to the exchange wallet. The file came to the victim by email, allegedly on behalf of an employee of the Association for computer science, although in fact, as the investigation showed, the traces of the file lead deep into Tor. Hackers were not limited to just one letter. Skype attacker pretending to be an employee of the Association for computing machinery, convinced that his Frame though to make international honor society, which required some paperwork. Kodric believed.
By installing a Trojan on Kodriс's computer hackers were able to obtain direct access to the hot wallet of the exchange. The logs show that the attacker, under the account of Kodric, gained access to the server LNXSRVBTC, where he kept the wallet file.dat, and the DORNATA server where the password was stored. Then the servers were redirected to a certain IP address that belongs to one of the providers of Germany.
There are still no official reports of arrests in this case. Obviously, the case is complicated by the fact that the hackers are outside the UK, and the investigation has to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in other countries.
2. GateHub $9.5 mln (XRP), June 1th, 2019
Hackers have compromised nearly 100 XRP Ledger wallets on cryptocurrency wallet service GateHub. The incident was reported by GateHub in a preliminary statement on June 6.
XRP enthusiast Thomas Silkjær, who first noticed the suspicious activity, estimates that the hackers have stolen nearly $10 million worth of cryptocurrency (23,200,000 XRP), $5.5 million (13,100,000 XRP) of which has already been laundered through exchanges and mixer services.
GateHub notes that it is still conducting an investigation and therefore cannot publish any official findings. Also, GateHub advises victims to make complaints to the relevant authorities of their jurisdiction.
3. Tether, $30.9 mln (USDT), November 19th, 2017
Tether created a digital currency called "US tokens" (USDT) — they could be used to trade real goods using Bitcoin, Litecoin and Ether. By depositing $1 in Tether, the user received 1 USD, which can be converted back into fiat. On November 19, 2017, the attacker gained access to the main Tether wallet and withdrew $ 30.9 million in tokens. For the transaction, he used a Bitcoin address, which means that it was irreversible.
To fix the situation, Tether took action by which the hacker was unable to withdraw the stolen money to fiat or Bitcoin, but the panic led to a decrease in the value of Bitcoin.
4. Ethereum, $31 mln (ETH), July 20th, 2017
On July 20, 2017, the hacker transferred 153,037 Ethers to $31 million from three very large wallets owned by SwarmCity, Edgeless Casino and Eternity. Unknown fraudster managed to change the ownership of wallets, taking advantage of the vulnerability with multiple signatures.
First, the theft was noticed by the developers of SwarmCity.
Further events deserve a place in history: "white hackers" returned the stolen funds, and then protected other compromised accounts. They acted in the same way as criminals, who stole funds from vulnerable wallets — just not for themselves. And it all happened in less than a day.
5. Dao (Decentralized Autonomous Organization) $70 mln (ETH), June 18th, 2016
On June 18, 2016, members of the Ethereum community noticed that funds were being drained from the DAO and the overall ETH balance of the smart contract was going down. A total of 3.6 million Ether (worth around $70 million at the time) was drained by the hacker in the first few hours. The attack was possible because of an exploit found in the splitting function. The attackes withdrew Ether from the DAO smart contract multiple times using the same DAO Tokens. This was possible due to what is known as a recursive call exploit.
In this exploit, the attacker was able to "ask" the smart contract (DAO) to give the Ether back multiple times before the smart contract could update its own balance. There were two main faults that made this possible: the fact that when the DAO smart contract was created the coders did not take into account the possibility of a recursive call, and the fact that the smart contract first sent the ETH funds and then updated the internal token balance.
It's important to understand that this bug did not come from Ethereum itself, but from this one application that was built on Ethereum. The code written for the DAO had multiple bugs, and the recursive call exploit was one of them. Another way to look at this situation is to compare Ethereum to the Internet and any application based on Ethereum to a website: if a website is not working, it doesn't mean that the Internet is not working, it simply means that one website has a problem.
The hacker stopped draining the DAO for unknown reasons, even though they could have continued to do so.
The Ethereum community and team quickly took control of the situation and presented multiple proposals to deal with the exploit. In order to prevent the hacker from cashing in the Ether from his child DAO after the standard 28 days, a soft-fork was voted on and came very close to being introduced. A few hours before it was set to be released, a few members of the community found a bug with the implementation that opened a denial-of-service attack vector. This soft fork was designed to blacklist all the transactions made from the DAO.
6. NiceHash, 4736.42 (BTC), December 6th, 2017
NiceHash is a Slovenian cryptocurrency hash power broker with integrated marketplace that connects sellers of hashing power (miners) with buyers of hashing power using the sharing economy approach.
On December 6, 2017, the company's servers became the target of attack. At first, Reddit users reported that they could not access their funds and make transactions — when they tried to log in, they were shown a message about a service interruption. In the end, it became known that the service had undergone a major cyberattack and 4736,42 Bitcoins disappeared without a trace.
Despite heavy losses, NiceHash was able to continue working, but CEO and founder Marco Koval resigned, giving way to a new team. The company managed to maintain the trust of investors and began to strengthen the protection of its systems.
7. Mt.Gox, 850000 (BTC), June 19th, 2011
The Hacking Of Mt.Gox was one of the biggest Bitcoin thefts in history. It was the work of highly professional hackers using complex vulnerabilities.
A hacker (or a group of hackers) allegedly gained access to a computer owned by one of the auditors and used a security vulnerability to access Mt.Gox servers, then changed the nominal value of Bitcoin to 1 cent per coin.
Then they brought out about 2000 BTC. Some customers, without knowing it, conducted transactions at this low price, a total of 650 BTC, and despite the fact that the hacking hit the headlines around the world, no Bitcoin could be returned.
To increase investor confidence, the company has compensated all of the stolen coins, placed most of the remaining funds in offline storage, and the next couple of years was considered the most reliable Bitcoin exchanger in the world.
However, it was only an illusion of reliability.
The problems of the organization were much more serious, and the management probably did not even know about them.
CEO of Mt.Gox, Mark Karpeles, was originally a developer, but over time he stopped delving into technical details, basking in the rays of glory — because he created the world's largest platform for cryptocurrency exchange. At that time Mt.Gox handled over 70% of all Bitcoin transactions.
And, of course, there were those who wanted to take advantage of the technological weakness of the service. At some point, hackers made it so that Bitcoins could be bought at any price, and within minutes millions of dollars worth of coins were sold — mostly for pennies. World prices for Bitcoin stabilized in a few minutes, but it was too late.
As a result, Mt.Gox lost about 850,000 Bitcoins. The exchange had to declare bankruptcy, hundreds of thousands of people lost money, and the Japanese authorities arrested CEO Mark Karpeles for fraud. He pleaded not guilty and was subsequently released. In 2014, the authorities restored some of the Bitcoins remaining at the old addresses, but did not transfer them to the exchange, and created a trust to compensate for the losses of creditors.
8. Coincheck, $530 mln, January 26th, 2018
The sum was astonishing, and even surpassed the infamous Mt.Gox hack.
While Mt.Gox shortly filed for bankruptcy following the hack, Coincheck has surprisingly remained in business and was even recently approved as a licensed exchange by Japan’s Financial Services (FSA).
Coincheck was founded in 2014 in Japan and was one of the most popular cryptocurrency exchanges in the country. Offering a wide variety of digital assets including Bitcoin, Ether, LISK, and NEM, Coincheck was an emerging exchange that joined the Japan Blockchain Association.
Since Coincheck was founded it 2014, it was incidentally not subject to new exchange registration requirements with Japan’s FSA — who rolled out a framework after Mt. Gox –, and eventually was a contributing factor to its poor security standards that led to the hack.
On January 26th, 2018, Coincheck posted on their blog detailing that they were restricting NEM deposits and withdrawals, along with most other methods for buying or selling cryptocurrencies on the platform. Speculation arose that the exchange had been hacked, and the NEM developers issued a statement saying they were unaware of any technical glitches in the NEM protocol and any issues were a result of the exchange’s security.
Coincheck subsequently held a high-profile conference where they confirmed that hackers had absconded with 500 million NEM tokens that were then distributed to 19 different addresses on the network. Totaling roughly $530 million at the time — NEM was hovering around $1 then — the Coincheck hack was considered the largest theft in the industry’s history.
Coincheck was compelled to reveal some embarrassing details about their exchange’s security, mentioning how they stored all of the NEM in a single hot wallet and did not use the NEM multisignature contract security recommended by the developers.
Simultaneously, the NEM developers team had tagged all of the NEM stolen in the hack with a message identifying the funds as stolen so that other exchanges would not accept them. However, NEM announced they were ending their hunt for the stolen NEM for unspecified reasons several months later, and speculation persisted that hackers were close to cashing out the stolen funds on the dark web.
Mainstream media covered the hack extensively and compared it to similar failures by cryptocurrency exchanges in the past to meet adequate security standards. At the time, most media coverage of cryptocurrencies was centered on their obscure nature, dramatic volatility, and lack of security. Coincheck’s hack fueled that narrative considerably as the stolen sum was eye-popping and the cryptocurrency used — NEM — was unknown to most in the mainstream.
NEM depreciated rapidly following the hack, and the price fell even more throughout 2018, in line with the extended bear market in the broader industry. Currently, NEM is trading at approximately $0.07, a precipitous fall from ATH over $1.60 in early January.
The extent of the Coincheck hack was rivaled by only a few other hacks, notably the Mt.Gox hack. While nominally Coincheck is the largest hack in the industry’s history, the effects of Mt.Gox were significantly more impactful since the stolen funds consisted only of Bitcoin and caused a sustained market correction as well as an ongoing controversy with the stolen funds and founder. Moreover, Mt.Gox squandered 6% of the overall Bitcoin circulation at the time in a market that was much less mature than it is today.
Despite the fallout, Coincheck is now fully operational and registered with Japan’s FSA.
As practice shows, people make mistakes and these mistakes can cost a lot. Especially, when we talk about mad cryptoworld. Be careful and keep your private keys in a safe place.
submitted by SwapSpace_co to BitcoinMarkets [link] [comments]
If anyone ever asks you why Ethereum is worth something: 19 Easy-to-grasp use cases for blockchain
Everyone knows that money has value because people believe it has value. If I can buy a sandwich from you for a few Finneys, then it doesn't matter if it's backed by gold or not. It's backed by trust. While this might be true, some people need more convincing. So here are 19 use-cases for Ethereum in the present and not-too-distant future:
1) Banking the unbanked. With their move towards automated/no checkout stores, Amazon has run into some issues regarding unbanked people. The idea is that automated stores discriminate against people who for whatever reason are unable to open or hold a bank account. With Ethereum, anyone with a smartphone could deposit a small amount of ETH in a grocery budget that Amazon could charge. No more discrimination. In developing nations, limited access to online banking and investing is a problem on a much grander scale, one which Ethereum seeks to tackle.
2) Tokenized assets. Although this relies on either broad social consensus or an element of decentralization, tokenization of real world assets is a big use case for blockchain. You could buy gold, real estate, financial instruments, and much more in a decentralized and transparent marketplace. Dexes make markets 24/7, increase liquidity, and expand access too those previously unable to take part in the financial world.
3) Decentralized stock ownership. Tokenization of commodities is not the end of the line for Dexes. With enough adoption, you could tokenize stock ownership, basically bringing Nasdaq to Ethereum. Not only will trading be easier, but brokerage fees could be significantly lower or non-existent, especially for low-value transactions.
4) International money transfer. Currently, it is slow and expensive to transmit money internationally. Blockchain has no borders, and allows for fast, secure transfer of wealth anywhere in the world.
5) Defi (Maker, compound). Most of you already know how great MakerDao is. Decentralized finance has the ability to be extremely disruptive, especially when paired with Dexes. Not only do stablecoins like Dai solve the issue of crypto volatility, but systems like MakerDao allow the possibility of decentralized leverage. Eventually, even leveraging assets like gold and real estate will be possible. But Defi isn't just for us decentralization junkies. Compound allows the collection of passive income on a stablecoin that tracks the dollar. Whether or not they ever buy Ether, traditional investors would froth at the mouth if there was an accessible way to earn 10% annual interest on a truly secure coin that tracked the USD.
6) Notarization. Consider the possibility of putting a document on the blockchain as an alternative to paying a public notary. Imagine a world where you don't eSign documents with Docusign, but with a Dapp.
7) Single sign-on. If web3 takes off and sites are all wallet compatible, you could perform single-sign on through an extension like Metamask. You get all the benefits of single-sign on that you get with Google and Facebook, without the looming menace of big brother controlling all of your accounts.
8) Social media (Peepeth). New social media sites may arise on the blockchain, creating censorship-free environments which encourage content creation. Records are never destroyed, leading to (hopefully) a higher level of accountability. Some sites may choose to tie accounts to identity, while others may remain anonymous forums.
9) Identity Verification. Instead of a social security number, governments could issue blockchain addresses tied to identity. This has a multitude of uses, including an easy way to get a government-issued ID, which is currently a roadblock for many disenfranchised voters.
10) Voting. Imagine a world where you could vote for your favorite candidates securely from the comfort of your own home, without lines or IDs or solicitors or the electoral college. You could check to verify that your vote actually made it where it was supposed to go. But blockchain doesn't have to just replace voting booths. It has the potential to revolutionize the entire current system of representation in many countries around the world. For example, a government could implement rolling elections. What if you could
change your vote at any time, and a new election could be triggered by a spontaneous poll of no confidence.
11) Advertising (Bat/Brave). Using cryptocurrency in a web3 compatible browser, you can earn small amounts of money from publishers for watching their ads. You could also use this money to automatically pay content creators online based on how often you use their services.
12) Gambling (DICE). Online casinos are already around and thriving. Agree or disagree with the morality of it, it's a real use case. Not only that, it's an improvement over a lot of existing gambling, because games are provably fair. When you walk into a casino, all the games are stacked against you so that the house always has a big edge. With gambling on blockchain, you can look at the contract to verify what the house edge is. With many current projects, the edge is very low. Additionally, brick and mortar casinos could implement blockchain games on their floors (FUN).
13) Prediction markets (Augur). By creating decentralized betting environments, you can not only make money on interesting bets, but you can use the wisdom of the crowd to essentially get free polling data. Want to bet on whether Brexit will ever happen? Great! Want to see what the "Vegas odds" are for it? Now it's easy. Just see how people are betting.
14) Gaming. The gaming industry makes a ton of money by selling in-game items. DOTA 2 is one of the most popular games out there, and is completely free to play. Why? Because people pay for funny hats for their heroes. If these collectibles were sold on the blockchain, players would have true ownership of the items. This is a big deal for online card games in particular, where incumbents like Hearthstone could be disrupted by Relentless or GodsUnchained. Tokens could be transferred and traded without limitations, and even if the company goes out of business, players still own the tokens. Other developers could even create their own competing implementation of a game using the same in-game assets. But this isn't the only improvement blockchain brings to gaming. Another big one is interoperability. Essentially, items no longer have to be specific to a single game. Indie developers could incorporate achievements and items from big titles into their own games. This is already happening. You can get a Cryptokitties collectible in GodsUnchained. Another card game, Mythereum, even allowed you to turn your kitties into functional cards!
15) Crowdfunding. This one goes without saying. After all, this was a big part of the ICO craze. But fundraising doesn't have to be scammy like it was for many of these vaporware projects. Non-securities style fundraising could be done in a style similar to kickstarter. Funds could be automatically returned if goals are not met, which could be determined by a smart contract or an oracle.
16) IOT. No one really knows how big the Internet Of Things will become. One thing is clear. If your car is an independent entity, it will need to be able to buy its own gas, electricity, tolls, and car washes. In a future where you only use your self-driving car 5% of the time, you could rent it out to a ridesharing company to act as a cab for the rest of the day, drastically reducing the cost of ownership. Companies are already experimenting with cars sporting their own virtual wallets to handle all the little transactions they'll need to get through the day.
17) Automatic freelancing. With Ethereum, one could write a contract which would essentially be a 'for hire' ad, with a bounty to be collected upon the task's completion. The terms of the contract could be specified such that verification would need to be performed in the case of a dispute. Verifiers could be paid a small fee to vote on whether disputed contracts had been completed satisfactorily. Research organizations could even put a bounty on something like a mathematical proof!
18) Royalties distribution. Imagine a band making music, broadcasted on the radio, TV, Spotify,... The singer, bassist, guitarist, drummer, sound engineer, PR person, designer of the album, label,... all might want a share on every dollar made. Today, this process (collection and redistribution) takes months. A smart contract could make this happen in real time.
(credit u/Ethical-trade )
19) Ticket sales and secondary markets. Concert tickets currently have a problem. They are either non-transferable, or they can be sold easily, but scalpers drive up the price to insane levels. Make your arguments about free markets, but no one wants tickets to be bought in 60 seconds after they are listed, only to be sold at a 1000% markup. Venues could solve this problem by selling tickets on the blockchain. Tickets could be made transferable, static, or partially static, programmatically limiting markups to say, 150% of original sale price.
Some of these use-cases might fall through completely. Some might require too much social change, or the impossible dream of governmental adoption. But never let anyone tell you that blockchains have
no potential. The potential is huge, and, like in the internet of the early days, no one can imagine where it is going.
Here are some just companies and functions that could be replaced with Ethereum:
GoFundMe, KickStarter, Docusign, Venmo, TicketFly, eTrade (eventually), online casinos, single-sign on functions of Google and Facebook, games like Hearthstone and MTG. Perhaps the biggest disruption will come in the form of an industry that doesn't even exist today.
Edit: I completely forgot about supply chain management. :D
r/Ethereum - I wrote this to explain Ethereum in depth to newbies. Please check for accuracy!
Hello
ethereum - I'm currently in Singapore exploring all of the cool blockchain tech that's going on here. I'm also writing a blog that aims to explain blockchain technology simply to anyone whose interested.
www.cryptoambit.com If you guys could spot check my Ethereum post for accuracy, I'd appreciate it. If you like it, would also appreciate some subscribers! Thanks
By now, most people know Ethereum as the second most valuable cryptocurrency, currently valued at over $60 billion dollars. Well, it turns out that Ethereum isn't actually a cryptocurrency - it's a software platform that let's programmers build applications on top of blockchain technology. Within the ethereum platform, is a cryptocurrency called ether that is used to power applications built on the Ethereum blockchain.
From Bitcoin to Ethereum
Bitcoin uses a global network of computers that maintain a shared ledger called a blockchain that keeps track of who owns bitcoin. Once blockchain technology was introduced to the world, people realized that blockchains could be used to keep track of anything of value. In 2013, a 19 year old named Vitalik Buterin introduced the Ethereum white paper, which proposed an open source platform that would let programmers build blockchain applications that could facilitate the exchange of money, content, property, shares or anything of value. Much like with Satoshi Nakamoto's paper, Buterin's was met with widespread excitement from software developers around the world who began building toward the vision Buterin laid out.
Much like Bitcoin, Ethereum isn't owned or controlled by any one person. Unlike Bitcoin, whose creator remains anonymous, Ethereum has a leader in Vitalik Buterin (pictured below). While Buterin doesn't control Ethereum in the way that a CEO does, his word carries tremendous weight in dictating the direction of the project - something that is considered a strength or a weakness, depending on who you ask.
Smart Contracts
The basic function that programs built on Ethereum perform are called smart contracts. Smart contracts are digital agreements that execute automatically based on real world data. An easy way to think of them is an "If-then statement." IF condition A exists, THEN perform function B.
Let's say for example Grandma wants to make sure she never forgets to give Little Billy birthday money each year. She could write a smart contract that says IF it's Little Billy's birthday, THEN pay him $10 from Grandma's account. Once this contract is broadcast to the Ethereum network, it will execute automatically each year on Little Billy's birthday.
Smart contracts have applications far beyond improving the reliability and efficiency of Grandmothers around the world. Another simple application of a smart contract is for rental payments: IF date = 1st of the month, THEN pay landlord rent amount. Processes that currently involve manual interactions between two parties can now be automated and the value can be moved in real time over the blockchain rather than settling days later as with traditional banking.
A Real World Example
Ethereum and smart contracts are a big deal because they have the ability to usher in what's been dubbed the "smart economy" - one in which slow manual processes prone to human error and deceit are replaced with automated processes that are completely transparent and trustworthy. A real world example that typifies the new "smart economy" is a project being run by a French insurance company called AXA.
AXA offers a flight insurance product that pays out a policy holder in the event that a flight is delayed by two hours or more. It currently has a product in trial that will pay out insurance claims using smart contracts and the Ethereum blockchain. The smart contract is simple: IF flight is over two hours late, THEN pay policyholder. The smart contract is connected to a database that monitors flight times. If the database shows that the flight is over two hours late, the smart contract is triggered and the policyholder is paid automatically over the blockchain.
Without the smart contract, the policyholder would have to file a claim and wait for the insurance company's claims department to process it, which could take anywhere from 1 to 2 weeks. With the smart contract, neither the insurance company nor the policyholder has to do anything. This also creates trust between the two parties because there are no grey areas - the customer can review the smart contract prior to purchasing the policy and feel comfortable that he will receive his claim in the event of a delay.
Ethereum vs Ether
As stated in the intro, Ethereum is a platform for building blockchain applications using smart contracts. What you may have just purchased on Coinbase is called Ether, which is the cryptocurrency that fuels the Ethereum network.
Ether functions more like a digital commodity than a digital currency. Just like you need gasoline to fuel your car, you need Ether to run applications on the Ethereum blockchain. In the Grandmother example cited above, Grandma would have to purchase small amounts of Ether to fuel her smart contract that pays Little Billy his birthday money.
The Ethereum blockchain functions in the same way as the Bitcoin blockchain: a network of computers run software that validates transactions through majority consensus. The people running these computers are called miners. Bitcoin miners are compensated for their resources by being paid in Bitcoin. Ethereum miners are compensated in Ether. On Little Billy's birthday, Grandma's ether transaction fee will go to whichever miner adds the block containing Grandma's transaction to the blockchain. That miner will also receive new Ether in the process.
The same supply/demand economics that apply to commodities like oil and gas also apply to Ether. Oil is valuable because it powers many of the things we use in our everyday life - it heats our homes and fuels our engines. The more people and enterprises that rely on Ethereum based applications, the higher the demand will be for Ether which will increase its value. As with all cryptocurrencies, there's plenty of speculation baked into the price - speculation that the demand for Ether will increase in the future. Since Ether is valuable, exchangeable and transferable, certain merchants are also starting to accept it as a currency.
dApps - Decentralized Apps
Applications that run smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain are called "dApps," or decentralized apps. Just as any app developer can build apps on top of Apple's IOS operating system, developers can build on top of Ethereum's blockchain infrastructure. To the end user of a dApp, it might not look and feel any different than the apps you use today. It's the underlying blockchain infrastructure that make them different.
Since dApps function on top of the blockchain, they can be used to transfer value peer-to-peer. To return to our Grandmother example, there could be a dApp that Granny can download that lets her schedule Little Billy's birthday payments without having to code the smart contract herself. dApps are also completely open sourced so other people can access the code and build on top of them. Someone could take the code to the birthday payment dApp and add the ability for Grandma to add a note that says, "Happy Birthday Billy!" Running dApps on the blockchain also offers added security benefits. Since the transactions are distributed and encrypted across the Ethereum blockchain, there is no central place for a hacker to breach and gain access to all of the world's Grandmother to grandson birthday payment data.
At this point, I'm really beating the GrandmotheLittle Billy example to death because I think it represents a simple illustration for the kinds of applications that can be built on the Ethereum blockchain. In reality, the dApps that are being built are much more complex. Here are a few examples:
- Weifund - blockchain crowdfunding: Users can launch traditional crowdfunding campaigns, but through the use of smart contracts, backers can gain a financial stake in the project. If an indie film gets funded on Weifund, a backer who financed 10% of the project can collect 10% of the film's revenues. Payments will be issued in real time as the film generates revenue.
- Ujo Music - Music licensing via the blockchain: An artist can create an original song and register it on Ujo's platform and set their own licensing terms. If a film producer wants to use that song in a movie, they can purchase the rights based on the terms set by the artist who will then get paid directly. This erases the need for industry middlemen like Warner Brothers who end up taking the lion's share of their artist's profits.
- Virtue Poker - Online poker secured by the blockchain: At the height of it's popularity, online poker platforms like PokerStars were marred with issues that ranged from deck rigging to the abuse of player funds held by the company. Virtue Poker using Ethereum allows players to fund their bets directly, insuring that no central party can access and misappropriate player money. Their code is open sourced so that users can understand how hands are dealt, insuring that no one can rig the deck. Lastly, players are paid out their winnings in real time over the blockchain so no more waiting weeks for a check to come in the mail.
Ethereum Tokens
So now that you understand that Ethereum is a network for building decentralized applications that require a cryptocurrency called Ether to run, I'm going to introduce a confusing concept. Many dApps built on Ethereum have their own cryptocurrencies or "tokens." In order to interact with the dApps, customers need to purchase the dApp's native token.
Here's a helpful analogy I came across - when you go to a waterpark, you pay the admission fee and in return, you get a wristband. That wristband gives you the ability to ride the waterslides in the water park. With certain dApps, the token is the wristband, and a user must purchase it to interact with whatever the dApp offers.
Let's take a dApp called Golem as an example. Golem lets people rent out their excess computing power to people who need it - kind of like a computer AirBnb. To cite this article from Laura Shin, if I'm a computer graphics artist that wants to render some kind of computationally intense animation, I can purchase Golem tokens that let me tap into the Golem network to generate my animation. I then pay the people who are renting me their computers with the Golem tokens. The Golem token is a form of smart contract and this transaction is recorded on the Ethereum blockchain.
Since Golem tokens are also a cryptocurrency, they can be traded on the free market. If I'm a speculator who has no intention of using the Golem network to rent computing power, I can still buy the Golem token on an exchange in hopes that it appreciates in value. Like bitcoin, there is a fixed supply of Golem tokens so if the demand for the service increases, so will the value of the token. If I bought Golem at its original price of around 1 penny and held it to today, I would have made 35X my initial investment since Golem tokens currently trade around 35 cents a piece.
ICOs
ICO stands for, "Initial Coin Offering" which is a fundraising mechanism for cryptocurrencies which has exploded in popularity this year - the majority of them are held on the Ethereum network. Similar to a kickstarter campaign, they allow entrepreneurs to raise money for projects by giving investors an early opportunity to purchase the cryptocurrency before the final product has been built. If the project is successful, the value of the cryptocurrency will rise in value and early investors can sell it on the open market for a profit.
ICOs have stirred up a lot of controversy because they represent a risky proposition with zero investor protection. Let's say I wanted to build a casino and to finance it, I gave investors the opportunity to buy chips that can be used at my roulette tables once the casino opened. If you bought $100K in roulette chips from me and I decide that I no longer want to build the casino, you're stuck holding worthless chips. If investors don't do their due diligence, they may end up buying tokens for a project whose creators never intended on building it in he first place - the creators walk away with the money and the investors have no way of recouping their funds.
On the other hand, early investors in projects that go on to be successful have the opportunity to make enormous returns. For example, people who invested $1,000 in the Golem ICO would be sitting on $35,000 at it's current price of $0.35 - if it ever goes to $10, they're all millionaires. Another positive aspect of ICOs is that they let anyone, rich or poor get involved in early stage investing. To invest in a company like Twitter or Facebook pre-IPO (initial public offering), you need to be an accredited investor - this basically means you're already a rich person. With ICOs, all you need is an internet connection and a little bit of money and you have the potential to become wealthy by investing in the right projects.
Far From Perfect
Ethereum has the potential to change the way humans transact with one another but it is still a very young technology and it hasn't been without its problems. While the blockchain architecture underlying the Ethereum network is secure, not all of the applications built on top of it are. Faulty code can and has made applications vulnerable to hacking and malfunctions. Here are two prime examples:
DAO Hack - DAO was a dApp built on Ethereum that enabled crowd based venture capital. DAO token holders were given the right to vote on projects they wanted to support - if projects went on to be successful, DAO token holders would receive financial rewards. The DAO ICO received $168 million in funding. The DAO software was hosted on the Ethereum blockchain and was publically visible by all. A hacker spotted a flaw in the DAO's code that enabled him to route $55M in ether held by the DAO into an account that he controlled. The Ethereum team had do do something called a hard fork (something I won't get into now) to reverse return the stolen funds. Parity Wallet Freeze - Parity is a wallet where people store Ether. A flaw in Parity's code let a user delete a specific line of code that was necessary for accessing funds in a Parity wallet. This led to $280 million dollars worth of ether being frozen - it hasn't been stolen but it can't be accessed either. Parity Technologies has proposed another hard fork to correct the issue - something that is sure to divide the Ethereum community and rattle user confidence.
Despite the world changing implications that Ethereum dApps and smart contracts have, the trouble is that any programmer can write them - if they aren't written properly, they can behave in unintended ways and be exploited like in the above listed examples. Ethereum is still a very young network and security issues with dApps and smart contracts will have to be sorted out if its to reach its true aspirations.
Leading The Decentralized Revolution
“Ethereum aims to take the promise of decentralization, openness and security that is at the core of blockchain technology and brings it to almost anything that can be computed.” - Vitalik Buterin
With dApps, smart contracts and blockchain technology, Ethereum is leading the decentralized revolution. Bitcoin is the world's first decentralized currency, that operates on a global network of computers outside of central intermediaries. Ethereum gives programmers a platform to develop a decentralized version of just about anything.
Decentralized networks like Ethereum have the power to remove the intermediaries that currently exist between producer and consumer. Let's take a company like Uber. Uber is a platform that brings people who need rides together with people who have cars. To facilitate this interaction, Uber collects 20% of every ride. With Ethereum and blockchain technology, there is nothing to prevent a bunch of software developers from writing a dApp that creates a decentralized Uber. Instead of 20% per ride, transaction fees are paid to the network and the driver takes home the lions share of the transaction. Tokens can be issued that represent ownership in the network. Coders who work on improving the network can get paid for their efforts in ownership tokens. Non-technical people can come up with marketing campaigns that spread awareness for the network and also get compensated in ownership tokens. As the decentralized Uber network grows and improves, the value of its ownership token increases, rewarding the people that built it. The result is whats referred to as a "Decentralized Autonomous Organization" and theres a strong possibility that DAOs replace a lot of the world's biggest corporations.
This may sound like a radical concept but blockchain technology enables these kinds of decentralized organizations to exist - Ethereum provides the tools for people to go out and build them.
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