Worksheets Verb stürzen Exercises for conjugation of ...
Verb conjugation exercise - English Grammar
Learning English Verb Conjugation
Conjugation-English
verb conjugation exercises english pdf
verb conjugation exercises english pdf - win
Want to learn Lithuanian? Look here for everything you could want and more.
So, you want to learn Lithuanian? Congratulations on embarking on this challenging journey. I’ve created a list of some resources which will assist you in going from nulis to herojus in no time. Whether you’re willing to throw fat stacks at learning or prefer to find free resources I’ve included a mix of both and some comments about each resource based on my own and others’ experience with the resource. It will take some time and dedication, but I believe in you. Sėkmės! (Good luck!)
Lithuanian dictionary to add to Android phones. You can also do this by going to settings > general settings > languages and then adding Lithuanian as a secondary language. Most keyboards will then have both languages available to you.
These are PDF versions of resources and books publicly-available through the EU Structural Assistance Program, primary aimed toward B1, B2, and C1 learner.
VU created this website to assist people in learning Lithuanian. Flash player is required, so it may not work easily on modern browsers. Update: It appears this site is no longer in use, but there is an archive version which works. Thanks to Wulfharth_ for finding the Archive version.
Listen to Lithuanian conversations. Has a free trial.
Keep in mind that learning from an app isn't ideal because there's no feedback if you say something wrong or mishear how the app says it. You'll get some experience with hearing the language, but make sure you supplement it with Lithuanian conversations to hear how people actually talk and get feedback on how your pronunciation is. Also be aware that usually apps give you the formalized way of speaking and not how most people actually talk (for example “let’s go/we go” is “(mes) einame,” but typically people would say “einam” in actual conversation). I don't want to discourage you, but if you don't talk in Lithuanian and hear Lithuanian frequently this will be almost impossible to learn. In order to make it easier the below list has recommendations for learning strategy. Thank you to TLHarker for providing the foundation of this list.
Make flashcards on Quizlet; just Google Translate common sentences and memorize them, but keep in mind that Google Translate is far from perfect and it’s especially bad with less common languages such as Lithuanian.
Write a diary/journal in Lithuanian each day. Practice with introducing yourself first and then move on to things you did that day.
Place sticky notes on objects around the house with the Lithuanian word for them. When you interact with these read the Lithuanian word out loud.
Give it a half hour twice a day to not overwhelm yourself.
Change your phone/tablet/computer language to Lithuanian so that you learn it as you use it.
The grammaword endings are difficult to remember and they take time to learn; invest the time and you’ll get through it. Finally, come back and read posts in here in Lithuanian and try to understand what they’re saying. Contribute when and where you can.
I've seen a lot of requests and questions regarding the B1 level, how to reach it, B1 Exams (Goethe Zertifikat B1), etc. and I was wondering if there's any way you can reach B1 on your own. So as soon as I finished my Goethe A2 course, I started my B1 journey. I researched, I asked my teachers about the books/resources before I used them and I studied every day, at least an hour a day and sometimes even three hours/day. So I thought I'd share some of my experiences \** NOTE:* Be aware that some of the things mentioned here might or might not work for you; this is just my personal self-study experience These are the resources that I've used and also how I've used them: 1) BOOKS Get some good books. I can't speak for all the books out there, probably there are betteworse ones, but these are the ones I've used:
Menschen B1 Kursbuch, Hueber
Menschen B1 Arbeitsbuch (mit CD), Hueber
Aspekte Neu B1+ (Teil 1) Lehr- und Arbeitsbuch, Klett
I picked these ones because I got them at a very good price and also a friend of mine who was B1 at the time, told me that that's what they use in class at Goethe Institut. I worked through the books every day, doing one chapter from the KB and then one chapter the next day from the AB, so that I could apply what I learned from the previous day. Don't move on to the next chapter if there's something you didn't understand (especially Grammar), because you will encounter it again and again, and you'll soon find yourself unable to understand anything.
USE THE CDs. Very important: once you finished a chapter, or a module, go back and do all the listening exercises (especially those in the Arbeitsbuch) because they use the vocab and grammar learned in those chapters.
\** Note: Unfortunately, the Arbeitsbuch has no answers at the back of the book, so if you're not sure about how you did the questions, here are the links to the official answers from Hueber Verlag* Menschen Loesungsschluessel Arbeitsbuch B1.1 Menschen Loesungsschluessel Arbeitsbuch B1.2 2) GRAMMAR Grammar is essential and B1 is where it becomes essential. And you MUST know it. (Personal experience: I thought I had a well-consolidated vocabulary because I was able to understand a lot of words, but once I started to encounter structures like "je...desto or entweder...oder" things might start to get a bit tricky and no matter how much vocabulary you know, it'll be really hard to tell the meaning of a sentence. So Learn the GRAMMAR. German level B1 has a lot of grammar topics. In every chapter at least 3–4 grammar topics are present. List of Grammar topics in B1 is as follows.
VERB
Praeteritum formen: Ich suchte, du suchtest, etc. using “te” instead of partizip II. Vergangenes berichten vergangenheit, vorvergangenheit, plusquamperfekt Futur I Bildung des passiv; werden+partizip II, wurde+partizip II, sein+partizip II Passiv mit Modalverb: Modalverb+Partizip II+werden im infinitiv Konjuktiv II der Modalverben Irreale Bedingungssaetze mit Konjuktiv II Verb mit Pareposition nicht/kein+brauchen+zu, nur+brauchen+zu
SUBSTANTIVE
Genetiv: “des” n-Deklination Adjektive als Substantive
ADJEKTIVE
Komparitiv und Superlativ vor Substativen Adjektiv nach dem bestimmten und unbestimmten Artikel: Genitiv Adjektivdeklination ohne Artikel Partizip als Adjektive
PRONOMEN
Reflexivpronomen im Akkusativ und Dativ Pronomen mit Praeposition und Pronominaladverbien Artikelwoerter als Pronomen Reflexivpronomen was und wo
PRAEPOSITIONEN
Wegen und Trotz Innerhalb und Ausserhalb Temporale praepositionen Vor, Nach, waehrend aus+material
WORTSTELLUNG
Stellung von nicht im satz Temporale nebensaetze: bevor, nachdem, seit/seitdem, waehrend, bis Folgen ausdruecken: deshalb, darum, deswegen sodass, so….dass Gruende und Gegenguende ausdruecken: weil/da, obwohl Infinitiv mit zu Relativsaetze: Relativpronomen im Dativ Relativsaetze: Relativpronomen mit Praeposition Verben mit praeposition und Nebensatz Zweiteilige Konnektoren: Sowohl, als auch nicht nur, sondern auch entweder, oder weder, noch zwar, aber einerseits, andererseits Saetze mit je….desto…
I recommend using this website: Longua All the Grammar Topics are listed there, from Adjective endings to Irregular Verbs and it also has downloadable PDF files with all essential Grammar (A1-C1)
I also suggest getting this book: Deutsch üben Taschentrainer - Fit in Grammatik B1 (Hueber) It has good and really simple to understand questions and exercises and answers as well
\** Note: Some of these (if not all of them) are explained in Textbooks, but some textbooks just go over them briefly. That's why I suggest if you didn't understand something or if it isn't very well explained in the book, look it up* 3) VOCABULARY (+Listening) Vocabulary is probably the most important part of learning German, and especially B1 Vocab is the starting point for all the daily and basic conversations that you might have in a German-speaking country.
Memrise: It's a great tool honestly, use it every day as much as you can. (I've linked the B1 deck for the exact same B1 Goethe Word List) Search for B1 decks and relevant vocab
Duolingo - You can still use Duolingo, but at some point, it's not effective anymore (I use it only for vocabulary)
Read as much as you can - Fiction books, magazines, newspapers, articles, etc. This way you'll start encountering the words you've been learning and also understanding them because if you see them in a context they're easier to remember
Arte.tv (https://www.arte.tv/de/) - One of the best resources out there if you enjoy watching documentaries, movies and pretty much anything. Arte is a free, and on-demand European (French & German) culture TV channel and most of the content is in German and has German subtitles
German Radio - Deutschland.fm (I recommend these: SWR2, NDR1, NDR Info, Bayern 2, WDR 5)
ARD Audiothek App (Radio broadcasts/podcasts in German)
50 States - Through the USA with Dirk Rohrbach - Dirk Rohrbach is the first European that goes on America's longest river, Missouri. An amazing & very exciting podcast. Easy to understand as well (Also available in ARD Audiothek App)
Herr Professor Podcast (I just found these podcasts, but they are very useful and easy to understand)
Watch Youtube Channels in German - there are so many good channels out there and with good content. Here are a few examples:
Easy German
24h Deutsch
Y-Kollektiv (interesting videos with subtitles in German)
WDR Doku (documentaries) - probably a bit more advanced, but good content and clear spoken German
Tagesschau in 100 Sekunden - News in 100 seconds, but you can also watch the whole thing (~15 min) Do this before you go to bed if you can every night
4) SPEAKING This is where it gets tricky. If you're like me (you don't live in a German-speaking country/don't have any German friends) then you know what are the odds of running into a Native/Fluent speaker of German. It gets even trickier if you live in an English speaking country because the odds are even thinner. But there are still a couple of things that you might try in order to practice speaking. Apps - it's true, it's not the same thing as speaking with someone in person, but at least it challenges and forces your brain to come up with stuff that you might say in a daily conversation.
Tandem - This is a really nice app, where you can connect with people that are native speakers of different languages, and also people that are interested in learning your language.
HelloTalk - More people have recommended me this one, but for some reason, I used a lot more Tandem. I thought I'd just link them both here, so you can pick whichever you like
Some of you might have friends or at least know people that can speak German on a decent level. Talk to them and tell them to correct you. If not, don't worry, you'll get the chance at some point. Apps are totally fine for B1. \**Bonus:* This is something you don't hear a lot of people do, but I did it a couple of times and it's helpful. Try having mental conversations with yourself and see how long you can keep talking. For example, you can say "Wie war dein Tag?" and go on from there. And you'll see that if you avoid answers like "Gut" or "Toll", it actually gets pretty hard to say everything that you did in one day because you don't have the vocab yet. It's a bit strange, but helpful because it shows you instantly what you know and what you don't know. Other resources for B1:
This is in response to a post/comments by u/KeengKaang and u/Sorokin45. Context: I'm English native, passed A1 and A2 about 6 years ago, dropped out of B1 due to life getting in the way. I restarted B1 this year (I have access to the free government courses for foreign adults) and as part of that I did a trawl of the internet for resources. I've kept lists of what I found, below are the most useful, IMO. I believe one has to draw on multiple resources, there is no one app that will magically impart all the skills we need to master. Apps (iOS) My criteria were free or cheap, not swamped with ads, not requiring 7 clicks to learn one word. These two are gamified, with audio, and nicely designed. Apprendo Català 5000 Phrases - Learn Catalan Language for Free Writing for checking and practising verb conjugation https://www.verbs.cat/en/practise.html for practising your writing and having native speakers offer corrections (it is free, in exchange you do corrections in your native language, but it is all done on an honour system, you can participate as much or as little as you like) https://langcorrect.com/ Pronunciation for checking how words are pronounced https://ca.forvo.com/languages/ca/ Speaking https://www.italki.com/ Personally I pick the cheapest offers and use it for conversation hours, not for full one-on-one remote language teaching. I find the only way I can improve my conversation is to do this kind of formal conversation class. Online learning and practising sentences https://ai.glossika.com/ I tried this, at my current level I don’t find it helpful but it might be more useful at the beginner level. It is free for Catalan, so nothing to lose by having a look. Reading El Nacional have certain of their news articles available in both English and Catalan, so you can use the one to check your understanding of the other. (I found the best way to start reading was to pick topics that I knew a lot about in English and then look for Catalan blogs/articles on the same subject.) Listening (podcasts) Històries per explicar a l'hora de sopar - short interesting stories in fairly simple, clear Catalan. MeteoMauri - this was the podcast I started with, because he talks about weather and mountains and tourism, things where I knew a lot already. And I found the host easy to understand. Basic grammar overviews in Englishhttps://ielanguages.com/catalan.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_grammar The Veus Books The Veus Curs de Catala are the official books used for foreign adult learners. There are two books for each of three levels, A1, A2 and B1 - llibre de l'alume and llibre d'exercicis i gramàtica. Each level also has a CD of audio tracks. The audio and the pdfs of the books can be found for free on the internet, if you hunt. They are entirely in Catalan but they do provide a structure for learning, grouped around themes, useful phrases and grammatical concepts. They provide answers for all the Catalan grammar exercises, and the student (alumne) book is heavily illustrated, to help you work out what is going on. YouTube - Catalan TV programmes with Catalan subtitles Learn Catalan from Barcelona has some nice beginner posts (sadly she doesn't post regularly). TV3 is the big Catalan TV channel. I looked through all the playlists on their YouTube channel, hunting for things with Catalan subtitles. Most of them sadly don't have them. But the following do, and some of these are really good.
El llenguado isn’t on YouTube yet (it is ongoing at the moment) but you can watch all the episodes on their website, it has Catalan subtitles and it is about the Catalan language.
I've gone through the first Genki textbook, twice. Genki is a good resource and likely the most popular one by a large margin, but it is not without its flaws. While going through it, I thought “why don’t I write down these things that it’s lacking on and then I can help others that are going through it for the first time and keep them from ripping their hair out”. Thankfully for me, I have no hair, and that’s why I was able to survive. This is long. Real long. That’s just how I roll. It’s my way of the ninja. If you want short and to the point, then I suggest you ignore anything I write because you won’t like me much. When I write, I write (because that’s my way of the ninja).
First things first...
If you’re reading this, you’re probably just starting out. I feel like Japanese is very hard to learn at first because you gotta learn 50 different things all at once. You’ve got grammar, kana, kanji, and vocab. It’s a lot starting out and many folks jump in with fire and passion and they wanna be the very best like no one ever was and then…… yeah, life gives them a wet willie and they get burned out. It happened to me! I completely finished Genki and then got so burned out that I took 8 month off and forgot (almost) everything. All those flash cards? All the WaniKani levels? All the grammar? Sorry kid, you gotta start back at the beginning again. That sucked. If I had stuck with things, even if I cut my pace in half, I’d be so much further right now. If you’re just super smart or have already started on Genki, you can skip to the section below on Chapter notes. That’s cool. I won’t be offended. Mostly. Maybe.
Here’s some general advice for those of you just starting:
1) Learn the kana first. Duh and/or hello, right? Yeah. Gotta do it. What you shouldn’t do is do it the “I took Japanese in college 10 years ago” method of writing the chart over and over and over and over and over again in the back of a notebook. That sucks. Not that I know anything about that. By the by, Tofugu has mnemonics to help you learn the kana (hiragana/katakana) and there are a number of mobile apps and games you can learn from (I liked Tako's Japanese. There are plenty of others as well). You don’t need to know the kana like the back of your hand (I mostly knew hiragana by like 80%, but still screwed up some m’s, n’s, and don’t even try asking me the different between る and ろ); just know it good enough. As you do the exercises, it’ll really help burn the rest in. 2) Set a time period to learn everything by (1 chapter per month is very safe. See how long it usually takes to finish a chapter and go from there). This is important to stay on schedule and not quit forever because life got busy one day or one week. I personally was not working during this period (unemployed) and I may or may not have much of a social life outside of my lovely waifu harem, so I was doing 1 chapter per week, and that was a good pace for me. See what works for you based on the amount of time you can devote each day/week. While you’re studying you’ll want to use the Pomodoro Technique most likely. See the apps below. 3) Notes. You want notes. You want them because at some point you’re gonna have to go back and look at something from a previous chapter because of some conjugation rule or something. I kept a small notebook and just printed the chapter out (if you look enough, you should be able to find a PDF copy of Genki available to download somewhere) and pasted it in there. You could also just hand write notes chapter by chapter and I did that for the first 7 or 8 chapters but eventually just switched to printing because that saved me time. That’s more time for me to study each week. 4) As you go through the chapters, keep a small summary (like an index) of what you went over in each chapter. Come Genki 2, this comes in real handy (unless you memorized all the grammar and conjugation rules by heart before moving on. Ain't nobody got time for that) 5) Do those textbook exercises on paper! Open that notebook up, get out a pen and go go go (FYI: 0.3 needle sized tip is very nice. I love my 0.7 gel ink pen that’s smooth and fancy, but when you’re trying to write kanji in a small space, it sucks. Go with a needle point. Just trust me on this). 6) There are exercises for the kanji in the back of the textbook and workbook! I didn’t even realize this until I was halfway done…. Oops? On my second run through though, I skipped this entirely. My big thing is reading. Writing kanji is useful for sure, but even Koichi cut it from Textfugu/EtoEto because it’s not a necessity (and us gaijin aren't the only ones that can read kanji but not write them). I’ll go back and learn how to write all these boogers later. Right now, I want to focus on what will get me closer to reading proficiently. You do you though! There’s certainly no harm in learning to write the kanji right now; I just have other priorities and you may as well. If you're moving at a faster pace, you'll likely want to cut stuff. If you're moving at a slower pace, then you can include more stuff. I'm in the super fast lane like Speed Racer. 7) You’ll find little audio marks in the book; that means that that exercise is available on the disk and the answer is too! If you’re having trouble, use it. Just open up google translate and stick that next to the speaker and bam, you’ve got an answer to your problem. 8) I used Google Translate a good bit to check my work. It’s not perfect but at this level it works pretty well. It’s fun to fiddle with the particles and see how it changes a sentence (which can be quite helpful as well).
Here’s some apps and things that will help you along the way:
* Anki In case you didn’t already know about our Lord and Savior 暗記 (Anki), hollowed be thy name, then allow me to spread the gospel. Anki is a digital flash card app. That means it saves you time. That’s more time you can spend learning Japanese and watching hentai and stuff (strictly for educational purposes, of course). Anki spaces things out (“SRS”) and you can find decks other people made (like this real nice Core 10K deck you should study from in addition to you Genki vocab). How you set up Anki is up to you and your time. I’m doing 10 new cards per day per deck (Genki + Core 10K). I know that doing more than 10 gives me too many reviews. Some folks like doing 20. Some do 5. 10 is my magic number. Just make sure you’re doing enough new cards per day to cover the entire next chapter before you start it (that’s usually ~70 words or so). Oh and BTW, you can find more than one Genki deck for Anki if you look in their database. Pre-made decks are a major benefit to Anki and digital flash card apps in general. After you’re done studying for the day, you’ll want to review that day’s new cards and the cards you got wrong. There’s a right way and wrong way to do this. Guess who did it the wrong way at first? Yeah…. So, what you don’t want to do is press and hold (on the mobile app) on the deck ==> Custom Study ==> Review Ahead. That shows you tomorrow’s cards. All of them. You don’t want that unless you plan on taking that day off. This is also problematic because while your normal study will give you 3 options for spacing how well you know a card, reviewing ahead keeps things locked in place. Cards that are stuck on 2 days will stay on 2 days when you see them again in two days. So if you are doing a review ahead every single day, then your workload will only increase and it will screw up the SRS. What you do want to do is custom study ==> review forgotten cards ==> 1 day. You can review those cards all you want and it won’t screw with the SRS any. If you want to re-review again, just press and hold and select “rebuild”. There’s probably a good Anki guide out there somewhere but I never really found one and just had to learn from my own mistakes. You’ll want to make sure you’ve got furigana enabled. I encountered a problem early on where the furigana wasn’t showing on my cards. I almost had a heart attack until I figured out that you can enable furigana. This is up to you, but something I do to save myself time and move at a bit of a faster pace is I set my new reviews to come up first. This is dependent on you using WaniKani btw. So anyway, then I check (when I’m studying the core 10K deck or any non-genki deck that’s massive) and if a new word is within 3 levels of my current level, I’ll suspend it (Jisho.org tells you what level a word comes up in WaniKani). I figure that I’ll be learning that word soon anyway, so why do double-duty? I wanna finish this blasted 10K deck (and all flash cards) as soon as possible because yeah, that’s a daily commitment that I don’t enjoy much and it’s going to take a looooong while. I also suspend any katakana loan words that are easily recognizable (ie: those that are basically identical to their English variant). Whatever it takes to thin the deck but still keep learning, I’ll do it. Maybe you love flash cards; I don’t. I especially don’t like doing them every. Single. Stinking. Day. BTW: you will really want to up your vocab game if you wanna read native Japanese stuff. Here’s the Core10K deck: http://rtkwiki.koohii.com/wiki/Core_10k . Ideally you want the “full” deck with all the media. * WaniKani Opinions vary on WaniKani, but personally I love it. If you don't already know what the heck it is, it's a tool to help you learn the kanji and their readings through mnemonics and SRS. If you do choose Wanikani, I suggest reading this very handy guide that will help you out and keep you from making the same mistakes I did when I first started WaniKani and let myself get burned out (and then set everything aside and forgot everything >_>). WaniKani is not free after level 3, but it is pretty affordable. Protip: you may get a discount for a yearly subscription thrown at you near the end of level 3 (I got offered 50% off). If you plan on buying a lifetime subscription, wait until near the end of December when Tofugu has their big FUCKIN' SALE and everything they sell is on a super discount. * Dictionaries Jisho is pretty popular and gets the job done when you need to look something up on the computer. It’ll also tell you how to conjugate words which is really nice when you’re trying to make sure you’re doing things correctly. On mobile, I like Akebi (Android only; sorry iOS users). I haven’t tried a ton of dictionaries, but I like this one. It works. It gives me definitions. I can look up kanji by drawing them. You can even send words you looked up straight to Anki. Pretty spiffy. I like it. * Pomodoro Special thanks to Lifehacker for this one. Pomodoro is a work/rest cycle with long and short breaks. It’s quite useful. You can find apps for you computer (likely mobile as well). I found one and I use Linux! https://lifehacker.com/productivity-101-a-primer-to-the-pomodoro-technique-1598992730 https://zapier.com/blog/best-pomodoro-apps/ * Cooljugator This is the one-stop shop for all your verb conjugation needs https://cooljugator.com/ja * Other apps to check your work As I said, I mostly use Google Translate. But if you just simply don’t understand something no matter how hard you try, then you can try HiNative where someone else that speaks Japanese and your language can chime in and try to help answer your question. You can ask in the LearnJapanese ShitsuMonday open thread (an open thread starting every Monday). If you feel that you need more help with grammar and want to practice more, keep in mind that Genki’s website has an online tool you can use for free: http://genki.japantimes.co.jp/self_en Not an app, but you want the book All About Particles. You really want this book. It goes in to great detail about all the particles (duh); much more than any textbook. Sometimes I won’t fully understand a particle and all the particulars to it and this has really helped me with that.
CHAPTER NOTES
Finally, now we get in to my critiques. This is written a bit short hand as that’s how I wrote it when I went through the chapter, intending to flesh it out more later. This is meant as a reference guide, not as a detailed explanation. Okay now, let’s start with…. Chapter 5: I felt like it did a poor job of explaining difference between い and な adjectives. I really don’t like how Genki puts “(な)” on the end instead of using kanji with furigana so that the reader knows they are な adjectives. Your mileage may vary, but I really just never cared for that (and even found it quite confusing at first!). Also, I could be wrong, but I felt like I never really learned when to add な to the end of a な adjective in Genki. If you’re unsure as well, then try reading these: https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/47734/when-should-i-use-%E3%81%AA-in-na-adjectives https://www.thejapanesepage.com/grammana_adjectives/ Chapter 7: Here it’s important to pay attention to the Expression Notes to learn how to say "when I was a child". You’ll need to know how to say this later. Chapter 8: You learn short form conjugation here. Pro-tip: short form conjugation is very common and is very good to know backwards. I strongly advise you to just make everything short form when you’re doing your exercises from here on out. I assume you know the polite forms pretty darn well by now and they are not nearly as important to know as short form. Get in all the practice you can by just doing everything in short form from now on. I didn’t really figure this out until Genki 2. Chapter 9: I felt like the guide for following the て-form rules were poorly explained and it doesn't differentiate た and だ): Here’s a better explanation I found. http://www.brighthubeducation.com/japanese-lesson-plans/62054-past-short-form-in-japanese-lesson/ Irregular verbs are a thing. Genki decided to leave us hanging on their short form conjugation, so here you go: くる (きた) and する (した). You can follow the past tense short form guidelines for negatives and add なかった. Not a biggie but Genki uses うち for house even though earlier it was given as 家/いえ. Just so you know, they both mean house but one refers specifically to your house. Genki didn't think this was important. Chapter 10: I feel like the book never says how to say "I like both X and Y". Here you go: X も Y も 好き. The book also never explained what 中で means (it means “among”; check Jisho). Something else it never really did was describe how to say “go from (A) to (B) by (X)”. It’s not hard to figure out, but would have been helpful to add to the lesson. This is due to Genki's very limited explanation of から. Until this point, it was used only as "because" but it's never mentioned that it is also used to say "from". Here’s where to find more information: http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammacompound#Expressing_reason_or_causation_using_and http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/complete/verb_sequences#Before_and_after Chapter11: Genki I love you, but man is it annoying that you’ve done a bad job of explaining some of these things. In this chapter, I feel like they did a subpar job of explaining たい conjugation; especially for verbs. There is mention that verbs conjugate as an I-adjective but never mention that this is *short form* conjugation. One can figure it out fairly quickly if they're good with short form conjugation but to mention just a blanket "i-adjective" conjugation is confusing and not helpful. Likewise, there was a poor job explaining of how to conjugate the たり form. Likely because did a bad job of explaining short form conjugation, so check this: https://wtawa.people.amherst.edu/jvrules/index.php?form=representative
FIN
That’s it! Hopefully this helps those of you that are going through Genki for the first time because man did some of this stuff drive me crazy. If you feel that something I’ve mentioned here is inaccurate (such as if I say something was not covered but it was) then please let me know and give me the page # where I can find this. I’m going through Genki 2 right now and so far so good. If it starts screwing up like Genki 1 did, then I’ll write another survival guide specifically for that. (edit Mar 11: many thanks to those of you who have sent me feedback publicly and privately! I'll be revising this in the coming month based on your input. My #1 goal is to save folks the frustrations I've had while studying. I want others to be able to avoid the mistakes I've made and have the information that I had to find myself. Slowly I'll be able to change that as I learn more. Not just with Genki, but in general with studying Japanese)
The Russian Learning Journey: tips, truths, myths, mistakes to avoid, apps and resources
Last update: January 8, 2020 Hey there /russian , I've been learning Russian for a while now, and though I'm nowhere near fluent (I think about around B2), I want to share the various tips, mistakes, resources and insights that I got while learning the language. IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER While some advice in this guide is corroborated by language experts, a lot of it remains subjective. I do not preface every sentence with a "in my opinion" for the sake of readability, but you should still consider it an opinion piece. I prefer learning through stories and natural speech so most of the advice and resources are favoring these things over lessons and exercices. That doesn't mean that a more academic approach won't work for those who like that kind of thing. Here we go:
BEFORE YOU START: DEBUNKING A FEW MYTHS
LEARNING RUSSIAN IN WEEKS/MONTH.
False Sorry to say, but these types of posts I say every week on /russian are a perfect illustration of the Dunning-Kruger Effect. You're not learning HTML, you're learning a real language. Right from the start, accept that language learning is going to be your new hobbie for a long time. This will help you avoid disillusion and giving up after a few months. You better like the journey, because the destination is years ahead of you. People looking for the easy way also tend to neglect the fact that the process is NOT a waste of time. The learning process will impact you life positively in many aspects. Trust me, this journey is not a time-waster.
THERE IS A BEST METHOD
False. I see way too many people spending more time searching for the miracle method than practicing the language. Memory works differently from one person to another so there isn’t a method that works for everyone. Even if there was, learning involves hundreds of hours and even the most motivated person will eventually give up on a method they don’t find fun or interesting. Take me for example. I don't like Flashcards. I prefer learning through natural content. I know how efficient Anki can be, but it's just not for me. The only way to find what works for you is try things out. You’ll see what is productive and isn’t. Failures are NOT failures, they’re experiences and they will help you know yourself better.
CONTENT IS KING
True. Context helps memorization. This is why we can perfectly remember dialogs and scenes from a movie we only saw a couple times and struggle so much with isolated words. As soon as you can, you should favor sentences over words, and then content (stories, articles, videos, movies) over sentences. Try using text and audio together as much as possible. It's more maintenance on vocab lists and significantly reduces the amount of content resources to pick from, but it is the best choice.
INPUT PRACTICE IS ENOUGH
False. Unless you have a weirdly specific objective like reading “War and Peace” in Russian and nothing else, you can’t avoid talking. Output is undubitably harder than input but you need to integrate it in your routine. Note: mumbling in the back of your throat is NOT talking. Talking is an actual bodily exercise and you need to speak out loud to improve your endurance and precision. If your mouth, tongue and throat feel sore after talking, you're doing the right thing. Also, talking helps with memory. Output is an excellent way to remember vocabulary. You remember what you say more easily. Besides speaking, it’s also important that you practice writing. Create sentences, short paragraphs or texts and submit them to a russian native for review, here or elsewhere.
THE ALPHABET
Do not approach the alphabet thinking "some letters are the same as in English (а, е, к, м, о, с, т), let's just focus on the ones that are different". It is very important to approach a foreign alphabet through the lens of phonology, not calligraphy. None of the letters are pronounced the same as in English, so consider that all letters are new. Trust me, it will avoid terrible accent and pronunciation struggles. Take your time to nail the pronunciation. Practice with simple cognates like мотор or такси using the Shadowing technique (see below). Speak slowly. It's not a race. Regarding resources, check out Daria's Real Russian Club video on the dreaded letters ы and щ as well as her 1-hour long pronunciation video. The Russian Alphabet Alphabet & Pronunciation video Letter Ы Russian Щ
ABOUT CURSIVE
I completely neglected cursive during my learning and I still haven’t caught up on this issue because I'm a bad lazypants. I know it’s going to bite me in the ass if I ever go to Russia, so don't do the same mistake I did and go learn and practice it. Russian for everyone has a cool page listing letters and how to write them properly. Also, a redditor provided cursive sheets that you can print to practice handwriting skills. For more advanced learners, printing a text with a cursive font is also a good way to get into the habit of deciphering cursive which is significancy different than the manuscript style.
Duolingo is a pretty attractive app for beginner because it is heavily marketed and provides a clear learning curve for beginners who don't know where to start. I personally used it when I started learning Russian. Here my two main opinions on the app: • Duolingo is bad when used in a vacuum and decent when used in combination with a grammar book or resource. The reason is that it's good at providing practice exercices related to specific grammar concepts (a case, a tense, etc.), but it's terrible at explaining the concept itselt. Without a book, you're going to practice by remembering patterns through trial and error instead of actually understanding the mechanics and rules. Be careful about that. • Duolingo is quite addictive. There's an experience system, streak and combo systems, reminders... You can end up getting caught in a mindless routine that isn't really productive. I actually think you don't even need to finish the course and that you should move on to short stories and easy podcasts as soon as you finished half or 2/3 of the course.
CASES
Learning all the case declensions like multiplication tables is boring and not extremely efficient. You need to assimilate cases organically without thinking about lessons or declension tables. Here's how I did it:
Learn the nominative case and its declensions (pronouns, adjectives, nouns) by heart.
Print all the other cases declension sheets.
Don't dive into the details but simply get a broad understanding of each case's role: accusative for direct object, dative for indirect object, genitive for origin and possession, prepositional for location, and instrumental for manipulation and temporality.
Notice adjectives, pronouns and nouns whose endings seem to differ from the nominative case you know.
Look at your printed sheets to see which case is used and try understanding why it is used based on grammar lessons.
Repeat and try referring less and less to the cheat-sheets and the lessons.
Over time, you will assimilate the cases naturally instead of thinking about rules. This is an extremely long process that will last for months. It is absolutely normal and will be much enjoyable than learning declensions by heart.
RECOMMENDED RESOURCES
All resources listed below are good (except the "avoid" section) but those marked with ☆☆☆ are personal favorites that I very strongly recommend.
DICTIONNARIES
Wiktionary☆☆☆ : often overlooked because it feels like the white bread of language learning tools and lacks a decent app version... Yet Wiktionary remains the best English-Russian dictionnary in my opinion because of how complete it is: IPA form, sound sample, stress marks, detailed declensions, examples... It falls a bit short for groups of words or slang, but 95% of the time it is really the best. It is also the only good dictionnary to accutately translate prefixed verbs, especially the Russian version of the site.
Yandex: Yandex is better than Google Translate for individual words because it better displays the default form of a word and I find the translations more accurate, albeit less natural when you translate a whole sentence.
RussianGram: This tool adds stress marks to a text to make sure you pronounce words properly. An excellent help when you want to practice speaking with a printed text.
GRAMMAR & PRONUNCIATION
Alpha Dictionary☆☆☆: the best free resource for basic grammar in my opinion. Don't be scared by the late 90's design. It's great.
Russian Grammar☆☆☆: amazing channel to deeply understand grammar on a mechanical concept. When there's a concept that doesn't click, this is your resource to finally understand it.
Forvo: sometimes you need an audio sample to match words of your vocabulary list. If you can't find it on Wiktionary, there's a good chance you can find it on Forvo.
BEGINNER (A1-A2)
Duolingo: already expressed my opinion on the app earlier. It is a decent tool, but it shouldn't be used in a vacuum and you shouldn't stick too long with it.
LearnRussian.rt: In my opinion, a better alternative to Duolingo for beginners. Pros: It has a nice learning curve, printable material, nice short conversations for beginners and a pretty complete coverage of the basics. Cons: There's no app, it uses Flash, and the online exercices aren't alway well made (multiple valid answers for an exercice that will only accepts one answer).
Russian Made Easy: Probably the earliest podcast one can listen to if you want to dive into content as soon as possible.
Real Russian Club☆☆☆ : Amazing Youtube channel, website and podcast for beginners from A1 to A2. The From Zero to Fluency playlist is great is you prefer video format over text for grammatical concepts, and all her Slow Russian & TPRS videos and podcasts are amazing content for beginners.
Amazing Russian☆☆☆ : (This one is A2-B1 level). Great channel with videos on various topics: grammar, vocabulary, listening, TPRS... Really well made an covering a lot of stuff. It is especially good for specific topics like "How to express time, tell your age, ask for directions, etc.". Also props to Olga for delivering super understandable Grammar lessons without ever speaking in English. It helps killing two birds with one stone.
Be Fluent in Russian: Overall, a little too much rambling and English for my taste on this channel. However, his listening practice videos are worth checking if you want more content.
INTERMEDIATE (B1 - B2)
Russian with Max – YouTube Channel☆☆☆ : my favorite Russian vlogger & podcaster. He is amazing and so is his content. Super likeable, smart and an entertaining host. Even putting language learning aside, you will learn a lot with him. As soon as you reach B1, this is go-to resource up to upper B2. Content is 100% in Russian, the production quality is both authentic and polished, topics are interesting, funny and unique. I especially recommend his Website & Podcast which is available on Spotify. The earliest are more tailored for B1 level (slow talking speed with a 20 min format) while the latest are for B2 level (faster pace, less repeating, more complex vocabulary and lastin up to 50 min). I also want to mention that his paid plan is a great deal given the quality and amount of material it gives you. Getting his podcasts transcript is extremely useful.
Tatiana Klimova Youtube Channel: great channel, especially her videos about a specific topic like cinema, or university. A good pick for intermediate learners who like to tackle vocab by theme. Good videos about conversation words as well. Check out her podcast, there’s tons of stuff there as well.
Russian from Russia : Another interesting channel. The style is pretty old-school and I must admit the host voice is a bit annoying but she creates a lot of culture-oriented videos and playlists that are genuinely interesting if you want to learn about Russian culture. Check out her playlist where she travels accross Russian by car, you'll learn a lot about Russia's history, culture, and remotes locations.
Russian verbs from Russia Podcast from the same creator but with a completely different spin: verbs and their synonyms and variations. Each issue focuses on 2-3 similar verbs and she explains, entirely in Russian, the nuances and how to use them properly. The podcast is also available on Spotify.
Ilya Speaker: cool little podcast (10-20 min) focusing on Russian idioms. The short format is appreciable for those who want something easily digestible. It is only available on SoundCloud. There's no transcript but the pronunciation is clear enough to decipher unknown words by ear.
Russian Progress☆☆☆: probably the best ressource for those who want the closest thing to immersion in terms of content without actually going to Russia. Content is for upper B1 up to early C1 I'd say. Artyom has a uncompromising approach: normal talking speed, slang usage, stream of consciousness natural speech with interruptions, mistakes, 90° topic shifts, everyday life topics, no paraphrasing, live podcast/vlog in street with background noise... Everything makes it sound like a regular native vlog that has nothing to do with language learning. However: • Artyom provides a playlist called 7 principles of Russian learning as an introductory course to harder content. He's a polyglot and has a lot of experience with what works and doesn't when it comes to language learning. His advice is extremely valuable and applicable to any language beyond his own. Do not miss this playlist. Transcript and translations can be found on his website if you want to understand everything. His advice has become the cornerstone of my learning methodology. • A good chunk of his early videos come with a full transcript for free and latest videos require a small Patron support (like $5) to get the transcript. Given how rare Vlog content with subtitles & transcript are, it is a good deal for upper intermediate learners. And if you're on a budget, I think all his YouTube videos have subtitles for free.
Гарри Поттер и философский камень aka "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone"☆☆☆ : I just started reading the first Harry Potter book in combination with LingQ and audio from an AudioBook. It's an excellent way to boost vocabulary, familiarize yourself with the various participles, as well as complex sentence structures. I'd say it's for early B2. The amount of unknown words might seem a bit overwhelming at first but you'll quickly realize that a good chunk of it is just conjugated/prefixed/reflexive variations and declensions of familiar vocabulary. In combination with the audiobook, this will help you get into the habit of listening to the stem of a word. I personally never read Harry Potter in my native language (French), so it's an excellent way to discover this fascinating saga while learning Russian.
Орел и Решка: Channel about travelling, unrelated to Russian learning and it's actually Ukrainian. I put it in my list because I was pleasantly surprised to see that quite a lot of their videos come with subtitles. As for the concept: it's a show in which each video focuses on a famous travelling location or city. The two hosts spin a coin. Whoever wins get to visit a famous location the rich-man's way, while the other has to visit it the poor-man's way.
NOT RECOMMENDED
Russian 101 : This one is not terrible per say, but it is SO highlighted on Youtube results that I think I need to write a small PSA about it. I believe their business model is made to "trap" you in an overly long paid plan with wayyyy too much mediocre content to keep you subscribed. Their “Listening practice” playlists are free and worth checking though. Warning: the required level is highly underestimated so don't get discouraged if you find these too hard.
[XX] words about [topic] videos : Again, personal opinion but I just don't see how a bunch of words about a specific topic that you learn in a vacuum can be of any help. Alright you learned 10 names of animals or 10 words about school. Unless you intend to write a text using these words, you're going to forget about them in a few days. It's much better to listen to a podcast about school or read a book about animals in my opinion, or simply add the words directly into your vocab list in 3 minutes rather than watch a 15-20 minutes video.
Be fluent in [XX] days/weeks/months : Total scam. Give up on language learning if you're expecting to learn Russian that quickly. You can't rush your way to fluency.
Learn Russian while sleeping: These videos claim that you can subconsciously learn vocabulary by listening to 10 hours audio while sleeping. It's pseudo-science hogwash. Do not damage your sleep with such nonsense.
METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS
No matter what you read on the Internet, the common thing almost everyone agrees on is that you need both input practice (listening, reading) and output practice (speaking, writing). Everything else is just bickering regarding who has the most efficient method to work on these things.
INPUT PRACTICE
There are two famous ways to practice input when learning a language: Organically through content (text, podcast, video), or structurally (Flashcards, vocab lists, etc.). Personally, I liked using Flashcards at the beginning because it helps kickstart your vocabulary to quickly build up a decent set. However, it gets boring pretty quickly so I switched to organic content as soon as I could with easy texts and podcasts. Organic input practice is more enjoyable. Reading, watching videos and listening to dialogues is entertaining. The progress is also less... measurable and linear. You'll remember rare useless words for some reason and struggle to remember useful frequent ones. However, this problem fixes itself over time so it's worth it. Now, about the tools:
Structural input tools
Anki is the king of Flashcards apps. It has a very active community and it is highly moddable and customizable. So much so that it can be confusing for those looking for something modern and simple. It is entirely free.
Memrise/Decks: Also a Flashcard app. If I had to explain the difference between Anki and Memrise, I'd say that the former is Linux and the latter is iOS. Memrise is much more user-friendly, accessible and simple, but Anki offers more flexibility and options. Since Memrise was my personal pick, here's my feedback: • Default courses aren’t worth a damn. • Paid features aren’t worth it for the price but the free version is good. • A well-made custom deck is time-consuming (especially if you add grammar information, notes, and manually upload audio) but much more valuable than another person's deck. • Audio upload was tedious but really helped me so I advise you don't skip this part.
Organic input tools
LingQ☆☆☆. This app brings content, flashcards, multiple choice reviews, close deletion practice, progress data and dictionnaries in a single tool. It is, in my opinion, the best app for language learning. It especially shines for intermediate learners and above. If I had to sum up what is does: it removes 90% of the time spent on managing vocab lists (searching, copy-pasting translations, searching for audio sample). This sounds trivial but busywork is actually a huge time-sink in language learning. This tool is to language learning what a cooking aid is to cuisine. Here how it works: LingQ allows you to import any text (audio is optional but posssible and recommended) to a personal library. (articles, ebooks and even YouTube videos with subtitles through a simple Chrome extension) You can then read the content directly on the app and click on unknown words (or sentences) to add them to your vocab list. The tool is connected to all main online translators and text-to-speech modules so that you don't have to search in another tab. The community also leaves their own definitions that you can also pick. On top of that, LingQ comes with review tools such as Flashcards, Reverse Flashcards, Multiple-choice, Cloze Deletion and Dictation. Finally, it allows you to select your mastery level for each word and provides statistics so that you can track your progress. You simply read your imported content over and over and adjust the mastery level of highlighted words based on how well you remember them. It is a paid app (about $120/year) but if language learning is your hobby, then it's perfectly reasonable to invest in such a great tool.
Alternatives. If you can't afford LingQ or don't mind management time, you can use a collection of content, vocab lists and review tools. It also works, it's just more time consuming, especially on mobile.
OUPUT
Shadowing: simple but effective method to physically train yourself to speak and make your passive vocabulary active. Find some text with audio, add stress marks with RussianGram, then play the audio and repeat sentence after sentence. It helps with muscle memory and I think it's a great tool for shy people who feel like they need to train a little before talking to a native.
LANGUAGE EXCHANGE: KILL TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE
Obviously, immersion is the best method because it allows you to practice both input and output in an authentic way. Italki☆☆☆ is a great language exchange website with a much better and more commited community than HelloTalk. To save money, I personally like to find someone who wants to learn my native language and then use Skype to do 60 minutes sessions (30 min in my native language (French) and 30 minutes in Russian). If you prefer to have a whole hour all for yourself, you can also find teachers at affordable rates on Italki. A method I also find pretty efficient is to write some text and submit it to a native. Ask them to correct your text and read it out loud while recording themselves. Then ask them to send the MP3 file along with the corrected text. This is great when you want to practice talking about a very personal topic that you just can't find in podcasts or online. I feel that one can feel a bit uninspired when trying to come up with a text in their target language. We spend a lot of a time on Reddit writing extensively about our hobbies, opinions and feelings in a pretty natural way. Why not look at your post history and simply work on translating them, then submit them to natives for corrections and comments? Thank you for reading. Any comment or feedback is deeply appreciated.
Voilà my guide that I originally made for my mom who wants to study French. I learned (and am still learning) French by myself and I compiled an extensive list of resources and tips I used which helped me out. DM me if you want a Microsoft Word/Google Docs format instead because it’s easier to read. I hope you’ll find it helpful! —————————————————
Coffee Break French (Podcast) Start here. The instructor is very knowledgeable, engaging, and fun. What also helps is the general structure of the podcast. Anna, a student who is brand new to French, learns along “with you” and progresses with you throughout the course of the podcast. Season 1 is absolutely phenomenal, but I found Season 2 to be a bit discouraging and difficult after the halfway point because it seems to make a large jump in difficulty. Nonetheless, this is the first piece of french material which got me interested in learning.
Duolingo Rosetta Stone, but proven more effective... and it’s free! What’s more? You can add friends and “compete” against each other and track each other’s progress through language learning. A must-have companion to Coffee Break French so that you can practice your spelling.
Tiny Cards Duolingo An offshoot of Duolingo incorporating flash cards of all varieties. Make your own (add text, pictures, photos, machine-accurate pronunciation) or search for pre-made decks. It’s similar to Quizlet, but I find it more inviting and cute.
Quizlet Another site for user-submitted flashcards.
WordReference.com Fantastic single-word translator app and website. Includes many examples of each word’s meaning, and compound phrases (ex: if you search nuclear, it will include nuclear bomb, nuclear waste, etc). Also has pronunciation and an extensive user forum.
Reverso Contexto A translation app and website solely based in context. Includes more in-sentence examples than WordReference. Best tool for understanding context.
Conjugaison.com and LaConjugaison Two tools (one website, one app) for conjugating verbs. LaConjugation, the app, has a quiz feature, but it’s pretty difficult.
Yandex Translator Google Translate, but more accurate. Don't use this for single words, and try to avoid using it all together. Only use it if you want a quick (not necessarily word-for-word accurate) summary of a large amount of text.
Kybook (1 or 2) An ePub, iBook, pdf reader application for iOS. Very clean interface with different customization options. The best feature is the built-in translator, so you can highlight either a large amount of text for a fairly-accurate Yandex-powered translation, or a single word for a dictionary definition or translation. "(1 or 2)" because there are two different interchangeable versions. It's a preference thing based on app design.
Tandem Absolutely essential application for communication. Basically, Tandem connects learners of different languages in order to collaborate and teach each other the other's maternal tongue. AKA, an English speaker will find French speakers, and will both practice his french with the French speaker, and in turn help the French speaker with his English. Three options for conversation practice: text-based, audio-call, video-call.
Books, books, books! http://ebook-gratuit-francais.com/ Extensive collection of free-to-download classic literature, either originally in French or translated into French. Download in ePub format for the best results with Kybookintegration. https://www.ebooksgratuits.com/ Collection of public domain literature available in French. Yes, you can read Shakespeare in French (and it's probably easier)!
Movies, tv, news! http://www.filmfra.com/ Website with majority original French films. http://www.streamcomplet.com/ Think of a film, search for it here, and you'll find it. It's the most extensive selection of films I've ever seen... American, French, British, Australian, Spanish, Mexican, you name it! VOSTF (original language, french subtitles) or VF (french dubbed). http://www.streaming-series.cc/ Like streamcomplet but for TV shows. All current popular tv shows will be found here, but older shows are harder to find. https://www.filmon.com/group/french-tv A small collection of France's public tv stations. France24 on Youtube Available in both English and French (watch French)... stay up to date with current French news in the easily accessible Youtube format.
Other Tips Write in a journal every day. Even if it's just 3 sentences, do it! It's essential to improving your vocabulary (when you don't know a word, search it), your grammar (again, if you don't know a conjugation or how to phrase something, look it up!) and your spelling (yes, French spelling is weird, but so is English).
Consider making an audio journal, where you'll speak out loud for a couple minutes and try to describe your current actions, your plans for the day, or how your day/week went. If you freeze up, it's a GOOD THING! Continue speaking, and afterwards, listen to the recording again and find out what you need to look up in order to say what you wanted to say. Don't set studying goals, set end goals. WHY are you learning French in the first place? Is it to travel to France and be able to communicate with all the natives? Is it to better enjoy their food? Their literature? Their films? Their art? What is the MAJOR reason why you are learning French? Make this your goal. Set intermediary goals AFTER you set your end goals. Thus, you'll be able to always work towards something. The key to language learning is motivation, and you're not going to be motivated unless you're working towards something (end goal), feeling accomplished (intermediary goals) and having fun along the way! Example... an end goal for me is to live and work in France for my career; an intermediate goal I already accomplished is to be able to read Harry Potter in French without a translator. Think in French. This way, you'll be able to practice silently throughout the day and think about things you might want to or need to learn. Listen to French music and radio. In the beginning, especially, you might not understand a single word besides "croissant" and "bonjour". It's about getting used to the accent, the tone, and the rhythm of the language. This is called passive practice. It's really easy to do and extremely beneficial. It also helps to lessen the immediate "shock" of hearing a French voice coming at you... you'll be less likely to "give up" the second someone starts speaking to you. Practice your numbers by translating (out-loud if you're by yourself or not embarrassed) every number you see. Numbers are very hard to get down, and are 100% necessary. Every time you see a number, pronounce it. Satisfy your information cravings in French. If you want to know more about Tom Cruise, look up his wikipedia page (rather, Wikipédia) in French and try to find your information there, even if you need the help of a translator. Change your language settings to French. This is very advanced, and I wouldn't recommend it until you're confident in your abilities in French or know technology like the back of your hand. Netflix has many original series dubbed in French. Four options: watch in English with French subtitles, watch in French with English ST, watch in French with French ST, watch in French with no ST.
Other Podcasts 1 Year Daily Audio Proverbes Français 3-6 minute proverbs each day with a pleasant speaker
News in Slow French (Intermediate & Advanced) Exactly as it sounds... 7 minute news segments weekly in slow French French Your Way Podcast cute Australian girl named Jessica who teaches about culture, grammar, and expressions Learn French | FrenchPod101.com simple, English-taught, mostly vocabulary exercises The Land of Desire: French History and Culture in English, talks about French culture French Voices Podcast interviews with Francophones
Youtubers
Youlearnfrench Lots of vocabulary tutorials with pronunciation French Lessons (Frencheezee) Cute passionate French girl with a very gentle voice Learn French with Alexa Especially helpful for verbs Français avec Pierre French lessons on culture, language, and more... taught in French with an easy to understand speaker https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KTnl9OlLeoc Video showing good French youtubers for learners MERCI ET BONNE CHANCE!!!!
This is my version of the best Korean resources for beginners. It's an alternative to the list that's posted in the sidebar.
Free Resources
Korean has some really good free sites and books available. Check them out.
Main Resources
Talk to Me in Korean's Grammar Lessons TTMIK might be the most popular site for learning Korean. All their grammar lessons include audio and a PDF and they go up quite high. The audio is mostly in English though. Sejong Hakdang King Sejong Institute offers Korean lessons free of charge in many countries. They also have made their textbooks (8 in total) available to anyone who registers on their site. Once you log in, set the language to English, then go to Work Together -> Study Material. You'll see a link for the e-book as well as for the mp3 audio. Go! Billy Korean Video grammar lessons with good explanations. Quick Korean These video lessons have been prepared by the Cyber University of Korea so they are quite similar to classroom lessons. You can watch them either on the university's site (free registration required) or on Youtube. The first level is available with an English instructor, and levels 2-4 are available with a Korean instructor and English subtitles.
Additional Resources
LP's Learn Korean - a blog containing lots of grammar. Fun Korean - another blog containing lots of grammar. Seemile - some video lessons. Conversational Korean - some more video lessons. Korean From Zero - a good site to learn the very basics. Once you finish course 1 it's best to switch to another resource because courses 2 and 3 are not very reliable. My Korean 1 & 2 - these are good books, but might be challenging for self-learners. Korean Wiki Project - there's some useful stuff here. Various TTMIK video series - TTMIK has posted many videos for beginners. They can be a bit difficult to find so here are the links for Korean Vocabulary Plus, Teach Me, 7 Random Korean Expressions and Walk and Talk in Korean. Oh My Korean! - a great blog-type site with lots of info. Made by a native Korean.
LingoDeer - a nice app for beginners that teaches both vocabulary and grammar Anki - a very popular flashcard program. You can either make your own decks or start with existing decks. Memrise - another popular flashcard site. Quizlet - yet another flashcard site. Dongsa - Korean verb conjugator. HelloTalk - a language exchange app for Android/iOS
Stuff You Can Buy
Korean Grammar in Use - a very good reference book with exercises for beginner grammar. TTMIK books - TTMIK books have mostly very good reviews. Many of them also have their own Youtube video where the authors explain the idea behind the book and show how it looks inside. Korean Made Simple - a three book series by Billy Go. Very good for self-learners. Sogang, Yonsei, Ewha textbooks - these three Korean universities have their own Korean teaching programs and their own textbooks and workbooks. However, they are meant for classroom use so only buy them if you know what you are doing. Integrated Korean - the same as above, except that this textbook was made by a university outside of Korea.
My Advice
Learn hangul, the Korean alphabet, before you do anything else. Romanization cannot accurately represent the sounds of Korean because many of them don't exist in English.
Listen a lot from the very beginning. It will help your ears get used to the sound of Korean and it will also help your pronunciation and intonation.
Do not use TTMIK's grammar lessons as your only resource because they contain very little vocabulary.
/ Exercises / Verb conjugation exercise. Verb conjugation exercise. January 10, 2014 - Many students find it difficult to conjugate verbs properly. However, it is not that difficult. Time adverbs present in the sentence usually indicate the tense. And if you are familiar with different tense forms, you should have no difficulty writing meaningful sentences in English. Here is a verb ... A collection of English ESL worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and English classes to teach about verb, conjugation, verb conju... English Grade 7 - Verb Conjugation Tests were designed to help you practice English verb conjugation for grade 7. Put correct form of the verb in brackets into the blank. Learn English > English lessons and exercises > English test #5630: Conjugation > Other English exercises on the same topic: Find the correct tense [ Change theme ] > Similar tests: - Gerund - Preterite or Present Perfect - Infinitive with/without TO - Expressing Uncertainty : may-might-must... Learning English verb conjugation is very important for proper speaking, writing and also for your confidence level. Read this helpful guide to learn more about proper grammar and verb conjugation. Click Here for Step-by-Step Rules, Stories and Exercises to Practice All English Tenses. What is a verb? Worksheets for Conjugation of the Verb stürzen. Worksheets are used generally for the conjugation of the verb stürzen in teaching. The materials can be used as Open Educational Resources (OER) for exercises, for games and as Tasks (CC BY-SA 4.0).There are many different types of tasks available for the verb stürzen.These are overview sheets with complete conjugation, puzzles and games that ... Nov 25, 2016 - Explore K12Reader.com's board "Verb Conjugation Activities", followed by 23306 people on Pinterest. See more ideas about verb conjugation, verb, english verbs. Verb conjugation worksheet Author: K5 Learning Subject: Grade 5 Verbs Worksheet: Verb conjugation Keywords: verb conjugation, tenses of verbs, verbs, grade 5, grammar, english, worksheet Created Date: 6/11/2019 7:33:07 PM French Verb Conjugation Practice Sheet Verb: Singular Plural first person second person third person je tu il/elle/on nous vous ils/elles/sont Verb: Singular Plural first person second person third person je tu ill/elle/on nous vous ils/elles/sont Verb: Singular Plural first person second person third person je tu il/elle/on nous vous ils/elles ... Conjugation of Verbs The inflection of a verb is called a Conjugation. Most verb inflections in English have disappeared, although we still distinguish between I go, he goes, etc. Latin, however, retains full inflections for most verbs, the forms of which must be mastered in order to
Basic English Grammar lesson -- Verbs and Tenses -- Speak fluent English.What are verbs?The verb is king in English. The shortest sentence contains a verb. Y... http://www.engvid.com "To be" is the most common verb in English. In this basic grammar lesson, I will teach you how to use this verb correctly. You will lea... http://www.englishanyone.com/power-learning/ Learn to express yourself confidently in fluent English and sound like a native speaker with our FREE Power Lear... This is video number 2 - the first video is here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bbv6VKQNxWY Nuevos videos del curso de Inglés, disponible en www.ingles-ya.com y en www.guiasinmediatas.com Exercises to practice the verb LIKE in English (Present Simple Tense) These exercises are divided into three sections: ACTIVITY 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE A sentence... Irregular verbs in English are very common. In this lesson, you will learn the base form, past simple form and past participle of the most common irregular v... The correct conjugation of verbs helps us to express what we want to say clearly and easily. Let's learn verb conjugation. SUBSCRIBE http://bit.ly/Creators... English Grammar Test - Verb tenses exercises intermediate level - English Tenses Exercise - Today we will be reviewing tenses in a nice mixed exercise. I hop...
